中國有些人說，俄語的受歡迎程度在下降，歐洲其他語言越來越受歡迎。在你居住的國家/地區(qū)是這樣嗎?如果是，下降的程度是多少? 尤其歡迎斯拉夫人來分享觀點。
Some people in China says that the popularity of the Russian language is in decline, in favor of other European languages. Is it true for the country/region you are living in? If so, what is the degree of said decline? Slavs especially welcome to share perspective.
譯文簡介
你帖子的措辭首先需要澄清俄語在哪里最受歡迎。有必要將前蘇聯(lián)共和國與前東歐集團(蘇聯(lián)的勢力范圍)和歐洲其他國家分開。
正文翻譯
Some people in China says that the popularity of the Russian language is in decline, in favor of other European languages. Is it true for the country/region you are living in? If so, what is the degree of said decline? Slavs especially welcome to share perspective.
中國有些人說，俄語的受歡迎程度在下降，歐洲其他語言越來越受歡迎。在你居住的國家/地區(qū)是這樣嗎?如果是，下降的程度是多少? 尤其歡迎斯拉夫人來分享觀點。
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The wording of your post calls for a clarification as to where Russian has been popular in the first place. It's necessary to separate the former Soviet republics (1) from the rest of the former Eastern block (Soviet unx's sphere of influence) (2) and the rest of Europe (3).
In (1), it was widely taught and used for communication throughout the unx, particularly in urban and more cosmopolitan areas. The current status of Russian there depends a lot on the country and region, and that's where you're going to get the most fruitful answers to your question.
In (2), at one point or another, Russian was typically a mandatory subject in school, but that was the extent of it, and most people never needed it outside of class. Thus they didn't think twice before ditching it, although you can probably still find it being offered in some schools as a second foreign language or something like that.
In (3), it was never commonly taught or spoken, other than by Russian speaking immigrants or those studying Russian as a hobby or for some other personal reason (just like with many other languages).
你帖子的措辭首先需要澄清俄語在哪里最受歡迎。有必要將前蘇聯(lián)共和國與前東歐集團(蘇聯(lián)的勢力范圍)和歐洲其他國家分開。
在前蘇聯(lián)國家，在整個聯(lián)盟，尤其是在城市和更國際化的地區(qū)，它被廣泛教授和用于交流。俄羅斯人在那里的現狀很大程度上取決于國家和地區(qū)，在那里你會得到你的問題最有成效的答案。
在前東歐集團，俄語曾一度是學校的必修科目，但也僅限于此，大多數人在課外都不需要俄語。因此，他們毫不猶豫地就放棄了這門語言，盡管你可能仍然會發(fā)現一些學校提供這門語言作為第二外語或類似的課程。
在歐洲其他國家，除了說俄語的移民，或者那些把學習俄語作為業(yè)余愛好或其他個人原因(就像許多其他語言一樣)的人以外，俄語從來沒有被教授或使用過。
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Thus they didn't think twice before ditching it, although you can probably still find it being offered in some schools as a second foreign language or something like that.
Yeah I think this describes Hungary to a T. My parents, for example, learned Russian for 12 years and all they know are the very basics. I had the chance to choose between German, French, and Russian in high school (besides English of course), and I chose Russian, however, there simply weren't enough people who signed up to it so in the end I had to take German anyway. Out of the ~120 people in my year, only 3 signed up to Russian, me included. It's essentially not taught anymore and I don't know anyone who speaks it.
“因此，他們毫不猶豫地就放棄了這門語言，盡管你可能仍然會發(fā)現一些學校提供這門語言作為第二外語或類似的課程?！?br /> 是的，我覺得這很好地描述了在我在匈牙利的父母，例如，他們學了12年俄語，只知道最基本的。在高中的時候，我有機會在德語、法語和俄語之間進行選擇(當然除了英語)，我選擇了俄語，然而，報名的人實在太少了，所以最后我還是不得不學德語。在同我一起學習的120人中，只有3人申請了俄語，包括我?；旧蠜]有人教過，我也不知道誰會說。
This! My parents were born and grew up in East Germany and they had Russian in school. Other than a few random words or random phrases they can't speak russian at all. It also seemed like their teachers weren't really that interested in teaching it as well.
就前東歐集團國家而言，我的父母在東德出生和長大，他們在學校里學習俄語。除了幾個隨便的單詞或短語外，他們根本不會說俄語。似乎他們的老師也不太愿意教這門課。
Russian language was being pushed out from education from early '90s. When I went to school it was virtually nonexistent. We learn English like everyone and second language most common is German as it is our main economic partner.
By now Russian is irrelevant here. Younger people, meaning those under 40, do not and never did speak Russian. Older people did learn but either never really learnt it, or greatly overestimate their profiviency.
There is no point in talking to us in Russian. We do not understand it. Try English. Younger people will know it and even if they don't, you will easily find someone who can translate. Only people who know Russian here are those who moved from Ukraine or Belarus or Caucasus or Central Asia (former USSR).
從90年代初開始，俄語就被逐出了教育領域。當我上學的時候，它幾乎是不存在的。我們像每個人一樣學習英語，第二語言最常見的是德語，因為它是我們主要的經濟伙伴。
到目前為止，俄語在這里無關緊要。年輕人，也就是40歲以下的人，不會也從來不會說俄語。年長的人確實學過，但要么從未真正學過，要么對自己的熟練程度估計過高。
用俄語和我們談話沒有意義，我們不理解它，試著用英語。年輕人懂，即使他們不懂，你也很容易找到懂翻譯的人。只有從烏克蘭、白俄羅斯、高加索或中亞(前蘇聯(lián))搬來的人才懂俄語。
I feel so flattered
我感覺受寵若驚。
It's the same for us.
對我來說也一樣。
Exactly. There was not even an option to learn it as n-th language at school.
沒錯。俄語在這里的外語優(yōu)先級里都排不上號。
It's also one of the most dislikeed subjects in school going from my and relatives' experiences.
根據我和親戚的經驗，俄語也是學校里最不受喜歡的科目之一。
As Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian workers coming to Poland, Russian might be a little bit more useful in Poland as 10% workers are immigrants in some cities (Opole for example)
隨著烏克蘭、白俄羅斯和俄羅斯工人來到波蘭，俄語在波蘭可能更有用，因為在一些城市(比如波蘭)，10%的工人都是移民。
Sure but from my experiance they tend to start to learn Polidh. Those who have been here for a while do speak Polish at various levels.
當然，但根據我的經驗，他們傾向于開始學習波蘭語。在這里待了一段時間的人確實會說不同程度的波蘭語。
Most of the Ukrainians coming to Poland to work are from eastern Ukraine, they arevmostly Ukrainian not Russian speakers. And they learn the local lingo quickly
edit- western Ukraine not eastern
大多數來波蘭工作的烏克蘭人來自東烏克蘭，他們大多是烏克蘭人，不會說俄語。而且他們很快就學會了當地的行話。
補充：是西烏克蘭不是東烏克蘭
That depends on how you define "most". I work with Ukrainians in one office (well, worked, now we all work from home due to Covid) and they are virtually from all over Ukraine, be it Lviv, Kyiv, Kharkiv or Donetsk.
It was interesting to observe how they switched the language they spoke between themselves what felt like overnight. In 2013 I mostly heard them speak Russian, starting from early 2014 - almost uniformly Ukrainian. This includes the Donetsk guy.
So, is Russian in decline? In Poland it already declined in the early 1990s and virtually can't decline any further. Among Ukrainians - as long as my co-workers are a representative group - it seems very much in decline as their conscious choice.
這取決于你如何定義“大多”。我和烏克蘭人在一間辦公室共事過(好吧，曾經共事過，因為新冠肺炎，我們現在都在家辦公)，他們實際上來自烏克蘭各地，無論是利沃夫、基輔、哈爾科夫還是頓涅茨克。
觀察他們是如何在一夜之間轉換他們所說的語言是很有趣的。2013年我聽到他們說的大多是俄語。從2014年初開始，幾乎都是烏克蘭語，也包括那個頓涅茨克人。
所以，俄語在衰落嗎?在波蘭，它在20世紀90年代初就已經衰落了，實際上已經衰落到了極點。 在烏克蘭人中——只要我的同事是一個有代表性的群體——這似乎在很大程度上是他們有意識的選擇。
In high school, students have to pick two foreign languages - "major", which has 3 years of classes and ends up with test on our countrywide exam ("matura") that also serves as university admission test, and "minor" that is taught for two years.
I'm from north-east. In my high school, every student picked English as major, and for minor, we were given a choice of German and Russian - around 20 people out of 180 in my year picked Russian, but it's nowhere near representative of a country as a whole, due to proximity of border. Fun fact: Our German teacher was actually from Kaliningrad (but she had very German-sounding surname. I assume she was ethnic minority that stayed there after WW2) - she was staying Monday-Friday in Poland, then return home for weekends.
I just looked up stats for exams taken for our countrywide exam for 2020, and 6,3k (0.9%) of students picked Russian as their mandatory "modern foreign language" exam.
在高中，學生必須選擇兩門外語。一門“必修，這門外語有3年的課程，最后要參加作為大學入學考試的全國考試，和一門“次必修”，這門外語要教2年。
我來自東北。在我上高中的時候，每個學生都選擇了英語作為必修，選修課則選擇了德語和俄語——我那一年的180人中大約有20人選擇了俄語，但由于邊界鄰近，它根本不能代表一個國家的整體。
有趣的事實:我們的德語老師實際上來自加里寧格勒(但她的姓氏聽起來很像德國人)。我猜她是二戰(zhàn)后留在波蘭的少數族裔)——她周一到周五都待在波蘭，然后周末回家。
我剛剛查閱了2020年全國考試的統(tǒng)計數據，有63000(0.9%)學生選擇俄語作為他們必修或次必修“現代外語”考試。
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There is no point in talking to us in Russian. We do not understand it. Try English.
While English is certainly way more useful in Poland, I think simplified Russian makes it possible to communicate with those who don't know English, as Slavic languages have quite a lot of common vocabulary. Knowing Ukrainian or Belarusian in addition to Russian really helps finding those common words. I have never learnt Polish, but I can decently understand spoken Ukrainian, and I can often get at least the topic of the conversation in Polish.
“用俄語和我們談話沒有意義，我們不理解它，試著英語?！?br /> 雖然英語在波蘭更有用，但我認為簡化的俄語可以讓那些不懂英語的人交流，因為斯拉夫語言有相當多的通用詞匯。了解烏克蘭語或白俄羅斯語以及俄語真的有助于找到這些常用詞。我從未學過波蘭語，但我能聽懂烏克蘭語，而且我經常至少能聽懂波蘭語的談話話題。
Yes, of course. And it is one of the reasons why people from Caucasus or Central Asia generally find it easier to integrate here. Speaking one Slavic language is akways beneficial if you move somewhere where people speak another Slavic languages. You will learn faster.
是的,當然。這也是為什么來自高加索或中亞的人通常更容易融入這里的原因之一。
如果你搬到一個人們說另一種斯拉夫語言的地方，說一種斯拉夫語言總是有益的，你會學得更快。
I'm not quite sure. Looking from the other side (a Polish speaker), this approach feels a bit like a minefield. From Russian - spoken or written - I can often understand single words, but too less to make much sense out of them. Then there's a lot of false friends (same/similar words with different meanings in both languages), and a lot of words that diverged phonetically too far from each other to understand them. Way, way harder than e.g. Czech (which belongs to the same branch as Polish within the Slavic family).
I don't claim that what you describe isn't possible, but such experience is far away from smooth. I imagine it may work for very simple things, e.g. asking for a direction in a city, but passing across more complex points would be very hard.Never heard Ukrainian (or never noticed). I guess it may indeed help, since afaik they have many words borrowed from Polish, right?
我不太清楚。
斯卡夫語之前有很多似是而非的地方(相同或相似的單詞在兩種語言中有不同的意思)，還有很多單詞在發(fā)音上相差太遠而無法理解它們。
我不是說你描述的不可能，但這樣的經歷離順利還很遠。我想它可能適用于非常簡單的事情，例如在一個城市中詢問方向，但更復雜點的東西就會非常困難。
從未聽說過烏克蘭語(或從未注意過)。我想這確實有幫助，因為他們有很多從波蘭語借來的單詞，對吧?
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I think simplified Russian makes it possible to communicate
My Russian colleague does this with my Polish colleagues. Everyone is under 40. They have a kind of working understanding of each other's languages so it works out.
“我認為簡化的俄語可以讓那些不懂英語的人交流“
我的俄羅斯同事和我的波蘭同事就是這么做的。他們都在40歲以下。他們對彼此的語言有一定的理解，所以很有效。
You can do it between any two Slavic languages, but it can be a minefield sometimes due to false friends (Polish word for "forget" sounds like Russian for "remember", Polish word for "stale" sounds like "fresh" in Czech etc.).
More often, if two Slavs don't speak the same Slavic language, they will improvise a "common Slavic" (or used to improvise, now people younger than 45 will switch to English anyway).
Similarly, you could improvise a "common Germanic" when a Dutch speaker talks to a German speaker or a "common Romance" between an Italian and a Spaniard. It's only of limited use, though.
你可以在任何兩種斯拉夫語言之間這樣做，但有時這可能是一個雷區(qū)，因為似是而非(波蘭詞“忘記”聽起來像俄語的“記住”，波蘭詞“stale”聽起來像捷克語的“fresh”等)。
更常見的情況是，如果兩個斯拉夫人說的不是同一種斯拉夫語，他們會即興說一個“大眾斯拉夫語”(或者曾經即興說過，現在45歲以下的人不管怎樣都會轉而說英語)。
同樣地，當荷蘭人與德國人交談時，你也可以即興說出“大眾日耳曼語”，或者當意大利人和西班牙人交談時，你也可以即興說出“大眾羅曼語”。不過，它的用途有限。
Not true. Russian language started to appear back in schools around 2010. That's when I had German replaced with Russian in my secondary school in Silesia.
不對。2010年左右，俄語開始重新出現在學校。就在那時，我在西里西亞的中學把德語換成了俄語。
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Yeah but not - it's much more common to know Spanish or Italian than Russian, at last where I live. I lived in Katowice for a few years and it was the same.
是也不是——在我住的地方，懂西班牙語或意大利語的人比懂俄語的人多。我在卡托維茲住了幾年，情況還是一樣。
Yes, it is. Russian is probably less popular as a second foreign language in Polish schools than Spanish or Italian. In my high school in eastern Poland Russian was the least popular foreign language to choose from. Most people chose German (from scratch or continuation) or Italian, or French, but Italian was more popular than French. Unfortunately we didn't have the opportunity to choose Spanish.
是的。在波蘭學校里，俄語作為第二外語可能不如西班牙語或意大利語受歡迎。我在波蘭東部讀高中時，俄語是最不受歡迎的外語。
大多數人選擇德語、意大利語或法語，但意大利語比法語更受歡迎。不幸的是，我們沒有機會選擇西班牙語。
maybe in Eastern Germany it was Popular. But not in the West. French or Spanish were more useful and still are today
也許在東德很受歡迎，但在西徳卻不是這樣。法語或西班牙語更有用，今天仍然如此。
Iirc in former East Germany learning Russian was mandatory, like we all learn English in school today. So for some time a lot of people learned it but out of their own choice.
在前東德，學俄語是強制性的，就像我們今天在學校里學英語一樣。
所以在一段時間內，很多人都是這樣學習的俄語，但都不是自己的選擇。
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True, but virtually none of the east germans that learned it are fluent speakers.
你說得對，但即便如此能流利使用俄語的東德人幾乎沒有。
It was never "popular" in the strictest sense in East Germany either, just mandatory in school. I don't know a single older person who had to learn it in school who actually wanted to learn it or liked it.
嚴格意義上來說，它在東德也從未“流行”過，只是在學校里是強制性的。我不知道有哪個年紀大的、在學校里學過俄語的人是真的想學或者喜歡它。
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You do, her name is Angela and she has been our chancellor for quite some time now. During her school time she was top of her class in Russian and won multiple Russian competitions, some even on national level. She just doesn't talk about it anymore today, just like probably everyone who liked it back then. That shouldn't distort our view on the time though, it was a normal school subject and just like every subject it had its fans. And they were probably more than the people that liked maths.
確實有人想要學習或者喜歡學習俄語，她的名字叫安吉拉。
她當我們的校長已經有一段時間了。在校期間，她的俄語成績在班上名列前茅，多次贏得俄羅斯比賽，有些甚至是國家級比賽。她只是今天不再談論它了，就像當時所有喜歡它的人一樣。但這不應該扭曲我們對那個時代的看法，這是一個正常的學?？颇?，就像其他科目一樣，它也有自己的粉絲。他們可能比那些喜歡數學的人還要多。
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Russian was never really popular here in Slovenia. When we were part of Yugoslavia, children were learning Serbo-Croatian and English/German as their second and third foreign language. Now, everyone is learning English as their second language and German(some learn French, Spanish or Italian) as their third language
Some still choose Russian in high school tho(mostly as their forth foreign language)
俄語在斯洛文尼亞從來沒有受歡迎過。當我們是南斯拉夫的一部分時，孩子們學習塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語和英語/德語作為他們的第二和第三外語。
現在，每個人都把英語作為他們的第二語言，把德語(一些人學習法語、西班牙語或意大利語)作為他們的第三語言
有些人在高中仍然選擇俄語(主要是作為他們的第四外語)。
USSR-Yugoslavia relationship soured after 1948, but before that there was some Russian in schools (based on the stories of my elderly relatives). But literally for like 3 years, then it was dropped.
蘇聯(lián)和南斯拉夫的關系在1948年之后惡化，但在那之前，學校里有一些人學習俄語(根據我年長的親戚的故事改編)。但是差不多三年之后，它就被丟棄了。
There was russian in schools instead english in croatia from after ww2 until break up with stalin cca 1950. It never came back.
在克羅地亞，從二戰(zhàn)后到1950年與斯大林分手，學校里學的都是俄語而不是英語，它再也沒有回來過。
I'm not sure Russian was ever that popular here to begin with. The main three foreign languages taught here are French, Spanish & German; trendwise I believe Spanish is currently increasing in popularity whereas German has decreased comparatively. I did meet a couple of people at uni who were studying or had studied Russian, so I presume there is some niche interest in it, but it's definitely not the norm.
我不確定俄語在這里是否曾經受歡迎過。這里教授的主要三種外語是法語、西班牙語和德語; 從趨勢上看，我認為目前西班牙語越來越受歡迎，而德語則相對下降。
我確實在大學里遇到過幾個正在學習或曾經學習過俄語的人，所以我認為他們對俄語有一定的興趣，但這絕對不是常態(tài)。
The moment Com...ism was lifted and full independence regained, Russian lost almost all of its significance and prence here. It's showing up a lot more everywhere now, but that's thanks to fairly big migrations here from the east, to help the people who move.
English is the most important, German is second, at least here in Poland.
當共產主義被取消，完全恢復獨立的那一刻，俄語幾乎失去了它在這里的所有意義和盛行度?，F在到處都有這種現象，但這要感謝從東部來的大量移民，來幫助那些遷移的人。
英語是最重要的，德語第二，至少在波蘭是這樣。
Yup, English is the first most popular language and German is the second one. In my opinion French would be the third one, because it's commonly taught in most of the schools compared to e.g. Russian. Not to mention that Russian is not really useful... I mean, who would want to go to Russia? English is useful everywhere, German is useful in Germany and Austria, and French is useful in France. Nobody goes on a vacation to Russia.
是的，英語是最受歡迎的語言，德語是第二。在我看來，法語是第三，因為和俄語相比，法語在大多數學校里都是常用的教學語言。
更不用說俄語真的沒什么用。我是說，誰會想去俄羅斯? 英語在任何地方都有用，德語在德國和奧地利有用，法語在法國有用。沒有人會去俄羅斯度假。
'Who would want to go to Russia?' - it doesn't sound very nice from you
“誰會想去俄羅斯? ”你這態(tài)度可不太好。
It might come off as rude, but he's pretty much stating the facts on the ground, as they are.
Generally, there's not much in Russia that's of interest to Poles nowadays:
Tourism? There are a few unique places, like Hermitage or Red Square, but for general vacation purposes, there are countless other places that are either cheaper (Egypt, Albania, Turkey) or much less hassle (visas, travel time) - Croatia, Greece, Spain, Bulgaria.
In 2017, there were 700k "tourists" from Poland, as per Russian statistics bureau, Keep in mind that those stats are very distorted, since when I'm driving to Kaliningrad to fill up my car tank cheaper, I'm considered "tourist" too), which makes Russia as destination of less than 2% of foreign visits from Poland.
可能看起來很粗魯，但他實際上是在陳述事實。
一般來說，如今的俄羅斯并沒有什么讓波蘭人感興趣的:
旅游嗎? 俄羅斯確實有一些獨特的地方，比如隱士宮(Hermitage)或紅場(Red Square)，但就一般的度假而言，還有無數其他地方——要么更便宜(埃及、阿爾巴尼亞、土耳其)，要么麻煩少得多(簽證、旅行時間)，比如：克羅地亞，希臘，西班牙，保加利亞。
2017年，根據俄羅斯統(tǒng)計局的數據，有70萬來自波蘭的“游客”。請記住，這些數據是非常扭曲的，因為當我開車去加里寧格勒以更便宜的價格加油時，我也被認為是“游客”， 這使得俄羅斯成為來自波蘭的外國游客的目的地不足2%。
When I was going to school in the 2000s, we have to choose between English or German as 1st foreign language, and few years later English (if your 1st language was German), German, or French. Russian was voluntary as third language, but I think that only 2 people out of 30 chose that.
I checked the website of that high school and now, everybody have English as 1st language and then 2nd language German, French or Spanish.
在我2000年上學的年代，我們可以選擇英語或者德語作為第一語言，數年后又添加了法語。作為第三外語，俄語可以自愿學習，但我想30個人中只有2個人選擇了俄語。
我查了一下那所高中的網站，現在每個人都把英語作為第一語言，第二語言是德語、法語或西班牙語。
I am old (50ish)
In Denmark Russian was never popular. But it used to be more popular than now (where it is virtually non-existent).
In the 80ies and 90ies maybe 20-30 gymnasier (highschool equivalent) or more offered Russian as third foreign language (efter English and German). In my gymnasium at the time you could choose between Russian and French as third language. and the overwhelming majority (80-90%) chose French. Right now I doubt more than 3-5 gymnasier teaches Russian and it is my guess, that as soon as the Russian-teacher retires, that will be the end of it.
At the time you could study Russian at three universities. Early 90ies it was relatively popular with maybe 20-30 new students pr. year at each university. Now you can study it at two and my guess would be that under 10 start each year at each university.
But this is not only about the popularity of Russian specifically. The fate of Russian in Denmark is also part of a general decline of interest in any foreign language but English. Which saddens me immensely.
我已人到中年，50多歲。
在丹麥，俄語從來沒有受歡迎過，但它曾經比現在更受歡迎(如今幾乎不存在)。在80年代和90年代，可能有20-30名體操運動員(相當于高中)或更多的人將俄語作為第三外語(僅次于英語和德語)。當時在我的體育館里，你可以在俄語和法語之間選擇第三語言。絕大多數人(80-90%)選擇了法語。
現在我懷疑能說俄語的體操運動員能不能有3-5個。我猜，一旦俄語教師退休，一切就都結束了。
那時你可以在三所大學學習俄語。90年代早期，它相對受歡迎，每所大學每年大約有20-30名（學俄語的）新生。現在你可以在大二的時候學習，但我猜每一所大學每年都少于10個。
但這不僅僅是關于俄語的受歡迎程度。俄語在丹麥的命運也是人們對除英語以外的任何外語興趣普遍下降的一部分。
這讓我非常難過。
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Russian has never been especially popular in Finland and only couple % of high school students take it (here are some actual statistics). Now over the years Russian has become little bit more common due to immigration of Russian speaking people (not necessarily Russians mind you).
From what I have heard and read Russian has been steadily losing ground to English and German in the former Soviet countries.
俄語在芬蘭從來都不是特別受歡迎，只有2%的高中生學俄語。這些年來，由于說俄語的移民(注意，不一定是俄羅斯人)，俄語變得越來越普遍了。
據我所知和所讀到的，俄語在前蘇聯(lián)國家正逐漸被英語和德語所取代。
Young Estonians rarely actively learn Russian in school. Even if it's mandatory, it's not rare for entire classes to just ride through it, never actually learning anything. That was the case in my school at least.
年輕的愛沙尼亞人很少在學校積極學習俄語。即使它是強制性的，整個班級只是草草讀完它，實際上沒有學到任何東西的情況也并不罕見。至少在我的學校是這樣。
Russian is basically non existent here. Very few speak it and it is not attractive to anyone.
這里基本上不存在俄語。很少有人說，它對任何人都沒有吸引力。
Did you guys have to learn it in the com...st era?
你們在共產主義時代學過嗎?
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Yes, it was very common to have Russian as the first foreign language in those times. Now it's an oddity and almost everyone learns English as the first foreign language in school. And the younger generation speak English quite decently, especially in towns and cities.
是的，在那個時代把俄語作為第一外語是很常見的。但現在這是一個奇怪的現象。幾乎每個人在學校都把英語作為第一外語來學習。年輕一代的英語講得相當不錯，尤其是在城鎮(zhèn)里。
After the Cold War, Russian became more useful and quite popular in tourism and construction sector. That's possible to see many Russian (mostly), some German and currently some Arabic signs in touristic regions.
冷戰(zhàn)結束后，俄語在旅游和建筑領域變得更加有用和受歡迎。
在旅游地區(qū)可以看到許多俄羅斯(大部分)、一些德國和目前一些阿拉伯語的標志。
No, Russian is pretty strong in my region.
I think it is true that Russian is losing a lot of ground, especially in the post-Soviet states. They try to build nation states around national cultures and languages, so promoting the use of national languages is expected. Also, as some countries reorient to different markets (most notably the Baltic states), Russian becomes less useful from the practical point of view. And after Ukraine, when Putin used "defending Russian speakers" as a pretext, Russian is also seen by many countries as Krenlin's political tool, which turns the language from a useful skill into a toxic asset; so the governments are additionally interested in reducing its use.
As for the global scale, I think Russia has fairly little to offer in terms of modern culture, especially for its size. For example, Japanese or Korean are often studied because of incredible cultural output of those countries. Russia has classical literature going for it, but it's not that important to the mass culture. Russia is also not a particularly desirable place of emigration either, so studying Russian in order to have a chance to work in Russia doesn't seem very attractive.
不，俄語在我住的地方很流行。
我認為俄語確實正在失去很多優(yōu)勢，尤其是在前蘇聯(lián)國家。他們試圖圍繞民族文化和語言建立民族國家，因此促進民族語言的使用是可以預期的。此外，隨著一些國家轉向不同的市場(最明顯的是波羅的海國家)，從實用角度來看，俄語的用處也越來越小。
繼烏克蘭之后，當普京以“保護講俄語的人”為借口時，俄語也被許多國家視為克里姆林宮的政治工具，使語言從一項有用的技能變成了一項有毒資產; 因此，各國政府對減少它的使用格外感興趣。
就全球規(guī)模而言，我認為俄語在現代文化方面沒什么可提供的，尤其是就其規(guī)模而言。例如，日語或韓語經常被學習，因為這些國家的文化產出令人難以置信。俄羅斯有古典文學，但它對大眾文化沒那么重要。俄羅斯也不是一個特別理想的移民目的地，所以為了有機會在俄羅斯工作而學習俄語似乎不是很有吸引力。
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From which region are you from?
你住哪兒的？
Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
俄羅斯，下諾夫哥羅德。