逆反心理最好的例子是什么?
What are the best examples of reverse psychology?譯文簡介
1756年,普魯士國王腓特烈二世希望找到一種方法來結(jié)束其人民長期遭受的苦難和饑荒。
他的解決方案是?土豆。
他通過了一項(xiàng)通告,以確保該地區(qū)種植馬鈴薯。
來自南美洲的“新”作物似乎是對他的祈禱的回應(yīng),他趕緊下令為了人民把土豆田都種上。他確保讓人們知道新食物的許多好處,這樣他們就會感興趣并開始吃它。
然而,事情沒有按照計劃的那樣進(jìn)行。
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What are the best examples of reverse psychology?
逆反心理最好的例子是什么?
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In 1756, King Frederick II of Prussia wanted to find a way to end the prolonged suffering and famine that his people were suffering from.
His solution? Potatoes.
He passed a circular order that would ensure the growing of potatoes in the region.
The ‘new’ crop from South America, seemed to be the answer to his prayers and he hurriedly ordered that potato fields be planted for the people. He made sure to let people know about the many benefits of the new food so that they would be interested and start eating it as well.
However, it wasn’t all going to plan.
1756年,普魯士國王腓特烈二世希望找到一種方法來結(jié)束其人民長期遭受的苦難和饑荒。
他的解決方案是?土豆。
他通過了一項(xiàng)通告,以確保該地區(qū)種植馬鈴薯。
來自南美洲的“新”作物似乎是對他的祈禱的回應(yīng),他趕緊下令為了人民把土豆田都種上。他確保讓人們知道新食物的許多好處,這樣他們就會感興趣并開始吃它。
然而,事情沒有按照計劃的那樣進(jìn)行。
It seemed that the King’s plan was going to fall through, until he decided to try to turn things around.
He sent guards to ‘protect’ the fields from thieves, which in turn made villagers curious as to what amazing source the guards might be hiding.
The soldiers were told to go easy on robbers and let down their guard so that the crops would then be taken during the night without trouble.
This in turn let potatoes be grown in personal gardens, and be used for consumption by many villagers—which was the King’s plan all along.
許多人都不喜歡這種食物,因?yàn)樗獗怼芭K兮兮”,味道平淡,
國王的計劃似乎要失敗了,他決定要扭轉(zhuǎn)局面。
他派衛(wèi)兵“保護(hù)”田地不受小偷的襲擊,這反過來又讓村民好奇衛(wèi)兵可能藏著什么驚人的秘密。
士兵們被告知對強(qiáng)盜要放松警惕,這樣就可以讓人們在夜間毫不費(fèi)力地收割莊稼。
這樣一來,土豆就可以在私人花園里種植,供許多村民食用,這一直是國王的計劃。
直到今天,如果你參觀弗雷德里克國王的墳?zāi)?,你會看到土豆躺在上面,提醒大家食物是什么時候傳入德國的,這對人們是多么偉大的服務(wù)。
Psychiatrist Milton Erickson was a master of reverse psychology. Here are a couple of examples:
Little Johnny is bedwetting and his parents are very upset. Every time he wakes up with a wet bed, there is hell to pay. Despite rebukes, the problem continues. The parents haul him in to the psychiatrist and Dr. Erickson summarily dismisses them and says, further, that there is to be no talk about bedwetting at home any more. “I am Johnny’s doctor. This issue is now between Johnny and I.” Now the parents leave the room, ordered out.
精神病醫(yī)生米爾頓·埃里克森是逆反心理大師。以下是幾個示例:
小約翰尼尿床了,他的父母很不高興。每次他醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)床上濕漉漉的,就要付出慘重的代價。盡管受到指責(zé),但問題仍在繼續(xù)。父母把他帶到精神病醫(yī)生那里,埃里克森博士立即駁回了他們的意見,并進(jìn)一步表示,再也不要談?wù)撛诩夷虼驳氖铝??!拔沂羌s翰尼的醫(yī)生。這個問題現(xiàn)在是約翰尼和我之間的事情?!爆F(xiàn)在父母離開房間,被命令離開。
埃里克森告訴約翰尼,當(dāng)他們單獨(dú)在一起時,這種治療的重點(diǎn)將涉及培養(yǎng)精細(xì)運(yùn)動技能。將會有很多家庭作業(yè)。約翰尼每天早上都要早起一個小時練習(xí)書法。埃里克森十分確信,這種失禁會自行解決,但書寫將有助于治愈。為了做到這一點(diǎn),他的母親每天必須提前一個小時叫醒他,然后他起床,坐在書桌旁練習(xí)手寫、抄寫等無聊的東西。男孩同意了。至少他的父母不允許再因?yàn)檫@個問題打擾他了。
Anytime the bed is wet she wakes up Johnny so he can do his task. Johnny is quietly being reinforced every time he has a dry bed and sure enough as time goes by there are more and more days where the bed is dry and nobody is talking about the wet bed anymore so the home becomes more comfortable and less stressful.
Ordeal therapy. It becomes more motivating to have a dry bed, and nobody gets to shame little Johnny. Clever, right?
埃里克森與他母親單獨(dú)會面,并給她以下任務(wù)。每天早上她都要早起一個小時來叫醒小約翰尼。她走進(jìn)臥室摸了摸床。如果床是干的,她就回去睡覺,一個小時后叫醒他,道歉,她睡了,今天早上沒有時間寫字。也許明天吧。
只要床濕了,她就會叫醒約翰尼,這樣他就要完成任務(wù)。約翰尼每次躺在干燥的床上,都會悄悄地得到強(qiáng)化。隨著時間的推移,越來越多的日子里,床是干燥的,沒有人再談?wù)撃虼驳膯栴},所以家里變得更舒適,壓力也更小。
考驗(yàn)治療。睡一張干燥的床會讓人更有動力,沒有人會讓小約翰尼感到羞愧。聰明,對吧?
Erickson then has a long talk with Stevie about thumb-sucking. He talks about how helpful it is to stimulate muscles and nerves, how it makes a person very healthy. Erickson says that it’s wonderful that Stevie does such a good job giving this very massage to this one thumb. The only thing is, there are eight other fingers and one other thumb. Erickson gets an agreement from Stevie. If he wants to suck his thumb, he has to give equal time to each finger and the other thumb as well. He hast to spend a few minutes with each finger and then spend time with both thumbs, one by one. This is called ordeal therapy. Erickson says, “of course while you’re a little five-year-old you can still suck your thumb but by the time you are six years old you will be too big to do this anymore. While you are only five years old now, you should do it as much as you can so you can properly stimulate your fingers and your thumbs.” It was a few months until this boy was turning six years old and when he turned six years old he never sucked his thumb or fingers again.
Prescribing the symptom as a way to, ultimately, get rid of it! Great idea!
還有一個故事。一個五歲的孩子在吮吸拇指,父母受不了。他們把他拖到埃里克森那里。埃里克森再次告訴父母,他正在進(jìn)行治療,父母不允許與史蒂維談?wù)撐蹦粗傅氖?。埃里克森把他們趕出房間。
埃里克森隨后與史蒂維就吮吸拇指的問題進(jìn)行了長時間的交談。他談到它對刺激肌肉和神經(jīng)有多大幫助,如何使人非常健康。埃里克森說史蒂維做得這么好真是太好了,給這只拇指做了這么好的按摩。唯一的問題是,還有八個手指和一個拇指。埃里克森給了史蒂維一個協(xié)議。如果他想吮吸拇指,他必須給每個手指和另一個拇指同樣的時間。他必須為每根手指花幾分鐘的時間,然后是兩只拇指,一個接一個地。這叫做考驗(yàn)治療。埃里克森說:“當(dāng)然,當(dāng)你只有五歲的時候,你仍然可以吮吸拇指,但到你六歲的時候,你就太大了,不能再這樣做了。雖然你現(xiàn)在才五歲,但你應(yīng)該盡可能多地吮吸,這樣才能適當(dāng)?shù)卮碳つ愕氖种负湍粗??!睅讉€月后,這個男孩才六歲,當(dāng)他六歲時,他再也沒有吮吸過拇指或手指。
這種癥狀得到了一種最終擺脫它的方法!好主意!
“Shout louder! Make as much noise as you can,” announces a teacher to a noisy classroom. Here, the teacher doesn’t actually want them to shout or make noise but to be quiet — the opposite of what she says.
That’s reverse psychology. It’s a technique involving the assertion of a belief or behaviour opposite to the one desired, with the expectation that this approach will encourage the subject of the persuasion to do what is actually desired.[1] In simpler words, sophisticated sarcasm.
It works on the basis of reactance in which a person has a negative reaction to being persuaded and thus chooses the option being advocated against. So this may work especially well on someone who is resistant by nature. Don’t we all know one such person who always does the opposite of what is asked of them?
一位老師向一間吵鬧的教室宣布:“大聲點(diǎn)!盡可能多地吵鬧”。在這里,老師實(shí)際上并不想讓他們大喊大叫或吵鬧,而是想讓他們安靜下來——這與她所說的恰恰相反。
這就是逆反心理。這是一種技巧,涉及到堅(jiān)持與所期望的相反的信念或行為,期望這種方法將鼓勵說服主體去做實(shí)際所期望的事情。簡單地說,就是老練的諷刺。
它是基于一個人對被說服產(chǎn)生消極反應(yīng),從而選擇被鼓吹反對的選項(xiàng)。因此,這可能對天生抵抗的人尤其有效。我們是不是都認(rèn)識這樣一個人,他總是做與要求相反的事?
Parents are the absolute masters of this technique. How many of you remember them telling you to eat the remaining vegetables on your plate and then immediately calling you not capable of the same? Didn’t you eat them up then?
When a child refuses to wear his school uniform, he could be told that he doesn’t either have to — pointing out that he would be the only child in his classroom wearing pyjamas — to actually get him to wear his school uniform.
最終目的是讓這個人做他們被拒絕做的事。
父母是這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的絕對大師。你們中有多少人記得,他們吃盤子里剩下的蔬菜,然后立即叫你不能吃同樣的東西?那你是不是把它們吃完了?
當(dāng)一個孩子拒絕穿校服時,他可以被告知,他不必這么做——但是他會是教室里唯一一個穿睡衣的孩子——讓他穿校服。
That’s something most parents do.
Besides, this tactic also finds its use in warfare strategies such as the Empty Fort Strategy.[2] This Chinese strategy involves using reverse psychology (and luck) to deceive the enemy into believing that an empty fort or location is full of traps and ambushes, and therefore prompt them to retreat.
其他例子包括他們告訴你不要整理房間或整天使用手機(jī),而要為即將到來的考試而學(xué)習(xí)。
大多數(shù)家長都會這樣做。
此外,這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)還可用于空城計等戰(zhàn)爭戰(zhàn)略。中國的這一戰(zhàn)略包括利用逆反心理(和運(yùn)氣)欺騙敵人,使其相信空空的城里充滿了陷阱和伏擊,從而促使他們撤退。
In an ironic twist, one of the best examples comes from the nephew of SIgmund Freud, (the father of psychology), Edward Bernays whose specialty was marketing using hs uncle’s theories to promote corporate products.
In the first half of the 1900’s cigarette smoking was seen as a male dominant habit.
Women smoking were regarded as courtesans and floozies.
About that time he was approached by cigarette manufacturer Lucky Strikes who were keen to increase their sales. To Bernays the female market was an obvious target. The problem was two fold, the social attitude toward women smoking
and the green colour of the Lucky Strikes packet (which the company regarded as too entrenched into the brand to change).
具有諷刺意味的是,其中一個最好的例子來自西格蒙德·弗洛伊德(心理學(xué)之父)的侄子愛德華·伯奈斯,他的專長是利用叔叔的理論進(jìn)行營銷,以推廣公司產(chǎn)品。
20世紀(jì)上半葉,吸煙被視為男性的主要習(xí)慣。
吸煙的女性被視為妓女。
大約在那個時候,卷煙制造商Lucky Strokes與他接觸,他們渴望增加銷售額。對伯奈斯來說,女性市場是一個明顯的目標(biāo)。問題有兩個方面,社會對女性吸煙的態(tài)度,以及Lucky Strokes包裝的綠色(該公司認(rèn)為該包裝在品牌中根深蒂固,無法改變)。
The Women's movement was also in full swing, hot on the heels of the success of the suffragette-movement in gaining voting rights for women.
The Easter Sunday Parade of 1929 was a popular New York event attended by thousands. A week before the event, Bernays rang all the popular media outlets to ask whether they had heard anything about the women who would be marching in the parade with “torches of freedom”? Of course they did not and Bernay’s asked if they could keep him informed as he too was curious as to what they represented and what these torches were.
Bernays had convinced a group of rich debutantes to join the parade and at a given signal by him, take out cigarettes which they had hidden under their clothes and light them up with a dramatic, eye-catching flourish of women lighting their “torches of freedom”. He waited for the girls to march past the press corp and gave the signal.
在這家香煙公司的巨額預(yù)算下,伯奈斯委托法國時裝設(shè)計師在他們的新賽季服裝中推出綠色,直到那時,綠色一直被視為時尚品味低下的象征。
婦女運(yùn)動也在如火如荼地進(jìn)行,緊隨著女權(quán)運(yùn)動在爭取婦女投票權(quán)方面的成功。
1929年的復(fù)活節(jié)星期日游行是紐約一項(xiàng)受歡迎的活動,有數(shù)千人參加?;顒忧耙恢?,伯奈斯給所有大眾媒體打電話,詢問他們是否聽說過將手持“自由火炬”游行的女性?當(dāng)然他們沒有,伯奈斯問他們是否可以隨時通知他,因?yàn)樗埠芎闷孢@些火炬代表了什么,這些火炬是什么。
伯奈斯說服了一群首次進(jìn)入上流社交場合的富家年輕女子加入游行隊(duì)伍,在他發(fā)出的信號下,她們拿出藏在衣服下的香煙,引人注目的女性們點(diǎn)燃了“自由之火”——點(diǎn)燃香煙。他等待女孩們從新聞集團(tuán)面前走過,并發(fā)出了信號。
Sales in cigarettes skyrocketed following the March and it became not only fashionable for women to smoke in public but a sign of emancipation and equality for women.
The Lucky Strikes cigarette company (American Tobacco Company) now positioned their product as a tool to liberate women
But this reversal of a social taboo did not only benefit the Lucky Strike cigarette company, but all the other tobacco companies saw the opportunity to ride on the band wagon and a new wave of cigarette adds appeared encouraging women to light up, after all, any woman seen lighting a cigarette of any brand could be considered lighting a “torch of freedom”
As the first to promote women smoking successfully, Lucky Strikes could focus on the other social fears women had in their creative advertising.
but by reversing the social taboo were seen for decades as the “original” womens cigarette.
媒體對此欣然接受。
游行之后,香煙銷量猛增,女性在公共場合吸煙不僅成為時尚,而且也是女性解放和平等的標(biāo)志。
幸運(yùn)罷工煙草公司(美國煙草公司)現(xiàn)在將其產(chǎn)品定位為解放女性的工具。
但是,這種對社會禁忌的逆轉(zhuǎn)不僅使幸運(yùn)罷工煙草公司受益,而且所有其他煙草公司都看到了乘風(fēng)破浪的機(jī)會,新一波的香煙似乎鼓勵女性點(diǎn)燃,畢竟,任何看到點(diǎn)燃任何品牌香煙的女性都可以被視為點(diǎn)燃了“自由的火炬”。
作為第一個成功推廣女性吸煙的公司,幸運(yùn)罷工可以關(guān)注女性在創(chuàng)意廣告中的其他社會恐懼。
但幾十年來,通過扭轉(zhuǎn)社會禁忌,人們將其視為“原始”女性香煙。
Perhaps the best contemporary example of reverse psychology,
is the current Liberal Politics.
While there is no clear ideological symptom as such, the Liberals in general, claim to stand for the weak and the voiceless - they believe in the rights of minorities and women - they also stand against all kinds of exploitation.
Politically speaking, this is like owning the shares of a drug company, about to release the cure for Covid-19. This is like owning the only fresh juice store in the whole of the frikkin’ Sahara Desert. This is like having the only restaurant serving pork chops in Beijing. This is like being a world famous, most wanted terrorist, hoping to buy a large property, near a high-security military cantonment in Pakistan.
也許這是當(dāng)代逆反心理最好的例子,
是當(dāng)前的自由主義政治。
雖然沒有明顯的意識形態(tài)癥狀,但總體而言,自由主義者聲稱支持弱者和無聲者——他們相信少數(shù)民族和婦女的權(quán)利——他們也反對各種剝削。
從政治上講,這就像擁有一家制藥公司的股份,即將推出新冠肺炎的治療方法。這就像擁有整個撒哈拉沙漠唯一的新鮮果汁店一樣。這就像北京唯一一家供應(yīng)豬排的餐館。這就像是一個世界著名的頭號通緝犯,希望在巴基斯坦一個高度安全的軍事營地附近購買一大筆財產(chǎn)。
And still, somehow, the liberals are failing to get the popular vote,
losing power, relevance and respect around the world. [1] [2] [3]
The weakening of political liberalism isn’t something to cheer about.
The only question that remains is: Why?
Any ideas?
這應(yīng)該是一個扣籃!
盡管如此,不知何故,自由黨仍未能獲得普選,
并且正在世界各地失去權(quán)力、相關(guān)性和尊重。
政治自由主義的削弱并不值得歡呼。
剩下的唯一問題是:為什么?
有什么想法嗎?
Great question.
A few years ago I was driving home from monthly Disney World trip. I was going pretty fast, though and ended up getting pulled over. It was terrible.
Luckily, I had the wise trick of reverse psychology ready.
And in case you’re wondering, in order to properly avoid getting in trouble when pulled over, you must obtain something.
You need to get a reverse card that they use in the card game, UNO. It doesn’t matter which color, you just need to get one.
問得好。
幾年前,我每月一次的迪斯尼世界之旅結(jié)束后開車回家。雖然我已經(jīng)開得足夠快了,但最后還是被警察攔了下來。太可怕了。
幸運(yùn)的是,我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了逆反心理的聰明訣竅。
如果你想知道,為了避免在停車時遇到麻煩,你必須得到一些東西。
你需要得到一張他們在紙牌游戲中使用的反向牌,UNO。哪種顏色無關(guān)緊要,你只需要買一種。
I did just that, and he stared at the reverse card shortly and said “Oh..uh……okay” Then he walked back to his car and drove off.
Note: This trick works approximately 85% of the time.
just kidding none of that is true don’t try it
無論如何,為了做到這一點(diǎn),在警察問你:“你知道我為什么讓你靠邊停車嗎?”后,你需要遞給他一張UNO倒車卡,并說:“是的,是的,我知道。你知道你為什么讓我靠邊停車嗎?”
我就這么做了,他很快盯著反面的卡片說:“哦……呃……好吧”,然后他走回自己的車,開車走了。
注意:這個技巧大約有85%的時間有效。
只是開玩笑而已,這些都不是真的不要嘗試。
I will present two examples.
Who is the real mother?
Two women are brought into the palace after fighting over a baby. Both women are mothers living under the same roof, but one of the babies had died. Both mothers claimed the living one was their own.
“Please Lord, this is my child. The other woman sat on her child and it died, and she exchanged her own for mine while I slept. When I woke up, I found it wasn’t my child at my side.”
But the other woman protested, “The living child is mine, and the dead child is hers.”
And so they squabbled over the matter.
How would you respond in such a situation? Could you discern who the real mother of the living baby was? This dilemma was placed in front of King Solomon of the Bible, recorded in 1 Kings 3:16–28.
我將舉兩個例子。
誰是真正的母親?
兩名婦女在爭奪嬰兒后被帶進(jìn)宮殿。兩名女性都是住在同一屋檐下的母親,但其中一名嬰兒已經(jīng)死亡。兩位母親都聲稱活著的那一位是她們自己的。
“求你了,上帝,這是我的孩子。另一個女人坐在她的孩子身上,孩子死了,她在我睡覺的時候把自己的孩子換成了我的孩子。當(dāng)我醒來時,我發(fā)現(xiàn)旁邊不是我的孩子?!?br /> 但另一位女士抗議道:“活孩子是我的,死孩子是她的?!?br /> 所以他們就這件事爭吵起來。
在這種情況下,你會如何回應(yīng)?你能辨別出誰是活孩子的真正母親嗎?這一困境被置于圣經(jīng)所羅門王面前,記錄在《列王記》1章3:16-28。
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所羅門王似乎越來越不耐煩了,要求把一把劍帶到他面前。然后,他下令將活的嬰兒切成兩半,這樣每位母親索賠人都可以分享嬰兒的一份。他一說出這些話,這位真正的母親就大聲喊道:“求你了,我的主。不要?dú)⒘撕⒆?,把他交給另一個女人?!迸c此同時,另一個女人宣布:“把他切成兩半。我們誰也不要他?!彼_門基于母愛辨別出了真正的母親,因此命令將嬰兒交給富有同情心的母親,她不會傷害自己的孩子,即使會犧牲自己的利益。
The Prosecutor is unsure how to proceed because of the circumstances knowing how strong a mother’s feelings can be conflicting with the law, and feels the biological mother would not let go no matter what and want custody over the child. Detective Stabler advises her using Solomon’s story to show that the Prosecutor might not need to push too far to end the case, the maternal instinct of the biological mother would be strong enough to do it alone. Indeed, he is proven right when the biological mother stops proceedings after seeing the psychological trauma it inflicted on Patty after she is told who her biological mother is.
另一個故事出現(xiàn)在《法律與秩序》的一系列節(jié)目《出生權(quán)》中,一位母親的卵子被生育醫(yī)生“偷走”,并在未經(jīng)允許的情況下為另一對夫婦受精。幾年后,這位母親試圖綁架女兒帕蒂(她自己的女兒在早些時候的一場車禍中喪生),并聲稱她擁有與生俱來的權(quán)利。盡管另一對夫婦理解她因醫(yī)生瀆職而感到的悲痛,并放棄了對她的指控,但她仍然堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為這個孩子是自己的,并再次綁架了她,因此被帶上了法庭。
檢察官不確定如何繼續(xù),因?yàn)樵谶@種情況下,知道母親的感情有多強(qiáng)烈可能與法律相沖突,并且認(rèn)為生母無論如何都不會放手,想要對孩子進(jìn)行監(jiān)護(hù)。斯特布勒偵探建議她用所羅門王的故事來證明,檢察官可能不需要太多努力來結(jié)束這起案件,生母的母性本能足夠強(qiáng)大,可以獨(dú)自完成這件事。事實(shí)上,當(dāng)生物學(xué)上的親生母親看到自己的女兒在得知自己的親生母親是誰后,遭受到的心里創(chuàng)傷后,放棄了訴訟。他被證明是對的。
The prime minister of the Shu kingdom, called Zhuge Liang was known to be a shrewd tactician, immortalised for his intelligence in China, and had a very distinct, iconic look.
One time Zhuge Liang was leading a Shu northern expedition to fight the Cao Wei Northern forces. Unfortunately, the Shu forces lost a key battle in Jieting and Zhuge Liang’s present location at a fort was within touching distance of the advancing Cao Wei army, lead by another recognised strategist Sima Yi. Zhuge Liang did not have any backup and the fort was in severe danger of being overwhelmed and Zhuge Liang and the remaining Shu army captured. Moreover, they simply had no time for their forces to retreat.
That’s when Zhuge Liang came up with an idea. He ordered remaining soldiers to dress as civilians and sweep the insides of the fort grounds. He also ordered for the gates of the fort to be kept open as opposed to shut. Zhuge Liang would be seen sitting above the walls playing on his stringed instrument (guqin).
在中國古代,漢朝末年有一段時間是動蕩的。這一時期(公元220年至280年)的特點(diǎn)是三方爭奪統(tǒng)治地位,魏、吳、蜀三個交戰(zhàn)派系之間發(fā)生了多次戰(zhàn)斗。這一動蕩時期被浪漫化為許多電影、書籍和電子游戲的主題。
蜀國首相諸葛亮是一位精明的戰(zhàn)術(shù)家,在中國,他因?yàn)樽约旱穆斆鞑胖嵌骨嗍罚兄浅*?dú)特的、標(biāo)志性的外表。
有一次,諸葛亮率領(lǐng)蜀國北伐隊(duì)與曹魏北軍作戰(zhàn)。不幸的是,蜀軍在街亭的一場關(guān)鍵戰(zhàn)役中失利,諸葛亮目前所在的要塞與另一位著名戰(zhàn)略家司馬懿率領(lǐng)的前進(jìn)的曹魏軍相距不遠(yuǎn)。諸葛亮沒有任何后援,要塞面臨被攻破的嚴(yán)重危險,諸葛亮和剩余的蜀軍也會被俘虜。此外,他們根本沒有時間讓部隊(duì)撤退。
這時諸葛亮想出了一個主意。他命令剩下的士兵打扮成平民,清掃要塞。他還命令要塞的大門保持打開,而不是關(guān)閉??梢钥吹街T葛亮坐在墻上演奏他的弦樂器(古琴)。
Sima Yi arrived shortly with his army of Cao Wei and approached the fort, but was perplexed to see the fort was open and with a few inhabitants there sweeping the floor. His head turned up to see Zhuge Liang playing the guqin. After a few moments, Sima Yi deduced that Zhuge Liang being a wise tactician never left anything to chance and ordered his forces to turn back and left, fearing an ambush. Zhuge Liang breathed a huge sigh of relief, saying that “it was a risky strategy. Only because he respected me being a shrewd tactician did he suspect an ambush. Otherwise, we would have fallen.” (And indeed, had someone less astute as Sima Yi been leading the Wei troops, things might have been different,). This story is known as the “Open Fort Ploy”. In hindsight, Sima Yi would be very embarrassed having fallen for this trick.
司馬懿帶著曹魏的軍隊(duì)很快到達(dá)了要塞,并走近了要塞,但看到要塞門是打開的,有幾個居民在那里掃地,他感到困惑。他抬頭看到諸葛亮在演奏古琴。過了一會兒,司馬懿推斷諸葛亮是一個聰明的戰(zhàn)術(shù)家,他從不放過任何機(jī)會,命令他的部隊(duì)掉頭離開,生怕遭到伏擊。諸葛亮松了一口氣,說:“這是一個冒險的策略。只有因?yàn)樗鹬匚沂且粋€精明的戰(zhàn)術(shù)家,他才懷疑有埋伏。否則,我們就會倒下?!保ㄊ聦?shí)上,如果有一個不像司馬懿那樣精明的人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)魏軍,情況可能會有所不同。)。這個故事被稱為“空城計”。事后看來,司馬懿被這個把戲騙了,會很尷尬的。