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Ian O'Grady
Forrest E. Mars Sr was the son of Frank C Mars, who created the “Milky Way Bar” and wanted to start his own business after he became embroiled in a family rift.

老福雷斯特E馬爾斯是弗蘭克C馬爾斯的兒子，他創(chuàng)建了 "銀河系巧克力棒"，在他被卷入家庭糾紛之后，他想要自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。

Forrest took a job with Nestle and learned everything he could about making and selling chocolate. Later as he was traveling Europe, he came across soldiers during the Spanish Civil War eating pellets of chocolate covered in a candy shell, and a light bulb went off.

福雷斯特在雀巢公司找到了一份工作，并學習了一切有關(guān)于巧克力的制作以及銷售的知識。之后，他在歐洲旅行時，時逢西班牙內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間，他發(fā)現(xiàn)士兵們正在吃被糖殼包裹的巧克力豆，這讓他有了啟發(fā)。

During the start of World War 2, sugar was in really short supply, but Hersey struck a deal with the government to supply chocolate to the troops if they kept the sugar coming. Forrest made an 80/20 deal with the son of Hersey to supply him with sugar and chocolate so he could invent a new product.

在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)初期，糖非常緊缺，但赫西與政府達成了一項協(xié)議，如果部隊持續(xù)供應蔗糖，他就向部隊供給巧克力。福雷斯特與赫西的兒子達成了 80/20 的協(xié)議為他提供糖和巧克力，這樣他就能夠創(chuàng)造一種新產(chǎn)品。

The problem Hersey had with supplying the troops with chocolate was how to prevent the chocolate from melting before it got to the front line. Forrest E. Mars remembered the Spanish soldiers eating the candy-coated chocolate, and from there M&Ms came into existence.

在給部隊供給巧克力時赫西遇到一個問題那就是如何防止巧克力在運到前線之前融化。福雷斯特-E-馬爾斯（Forrest E. Mars）想起西班牙士兵曾吃過糖衣巧克力，于是從此 M&Ms 就誕生了。

The new design was perfect, and they were a major hit with the soldiers. They loved how they melted in your mouth and not in your hand.

新設計非常完美，深受士兵們的喜愛。他們喜歡這種入口即化的口感而不是融化在手里。

Kaushal Kumar
Jerrycan!

杰里罐

A masterpiece of piece design invented by Germans during the war. The design was reverse engineered and subsequently copied by most armies around the world.

這是德國人在戰(zhàn)爭期間的設計杰作。該逆向工程設計，隨后被世界上大多數(shù)國家的軍隊仿制。

The development of the jerrycan was a significant improvement on earlier designs, which required tools and funnels to use, and it contained many innovative features for convenience of use and robustness. Today similar designs are used worldwide for fuel and water containers, in both military and civilian contexts.

杰里罐的發(fā)明大幅度提升了早期需要使用工具和漏斗的設計，它包含了許多方便使用和堅固耐用的創(chuàng)新功能?，F(xiàn)如今，類似的設計已在世界各地的軍用和民用燃料和水容器中得到廣泛應用。

Most have three handles: a center handle for one person carrying a lightweight can, two handles for a person lifting a full can, or two handles for two people to carry. The configuration of the three handles allows two empty jerrycans to be carried in one hand.

大部分都有三個把手：中間把手一人即可輕便攜帶，兩個把手可供人提滿罐，或者兩個把手供兩個人提。三個手柄的構(gòu)造可使一只手提兩個空罐子。
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The sides of the can were marked with cross-like indentations that strengthened the can while allowing the contents to expand, as did an air pocket under the handles when the can was filled correctly. This air pocket allowed the container to float if dropped in water.

罐身兩側(cè)標有十字形凹痕，既能加固罐身，又能使罐中物品膨脹，當罐子裝滿時，手柄下還有一個氣囊。當罐子正確裝滿時，手柄下的氣囊也會膨脹。這個氣囊可以讓容器在掉入水中時漂浮起來。

Ville Niemi
The raglan sleeve

牛角袖

The raglan sleeve gets its name from one FitzRoy James Henry Somerset, 1st Baron Raglan (1788–1855), a British officer who lost his arm in the battle of Waterloo. A clothing manufacturer designed a new type of sleeve for Raglan, one that would give him greater movement whilst using his sword in combat.

牛角袖的名字由來源于菲茨羅伊-詹姆斯-亨利-薩默塞特（1788-1855 年）一世，他是一位在滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)役中失去手臂的英國軍官。一家服裝制造商為雷格蘭設計了一種新型袖子，這種袖子可以讓他在戰(zhàn)斗中使用劍時活動自如。

Girik Shandilya
Dr Akira Yoshino, inventor of Lithium-ion Batteries.

吉野明博士，鋰離子電池的發(fā)明者。

His discovery of Lithium ion battery nearly revolutionized electronics industry and our society. We are able to use portable devices like cellphones, laptops, GPS etc because he created a light but powerful energy source which can be recharged. Our mobile world will turn immobile if these batteries are not there.

他發(fā)現(xiàn)的鋰離子電池幾乎徹底改變了電子行業(yè)和我們的社會。我們之所以能夠使用手機、筆記本電腦、全球定位系統(tǒng)等便攜式設備，是因為他創(chuàng)造了一種輕便而強大的可充電能源。如果沒有這些電池，我們的移動世界將變得無法移動。
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Most people appreciate design and technology behind cell phones but they forget that without batteries it's just a piece of junk. With the advent of these batteries we are able to enjoy mobility of our devices. Thanks to Dr. Yoshino for making all this possible.

大多數(shù)人都欣賞手機背后的設計和技術(shù)，但卻忘記了沒有電池的手機只是一件垃圾。有了這些電池的出現(xiàn)，我們的設備才能夠享受移動生活。感謝吉野博士讓這一切成為可能。

Ernest W. Adams
Super glue (cyanoacrylate) is a civilian application of a substance developed during the Vietnam War to close wounds rapidly on the battlefield.

超級膠水（氰基丙烯酸酯）是越戰(zhàn)期間研發(fā)的一種應用在民用領(lǐng)域的物質(zhì)，用于在戰(zhàn)場上快速縫合傷口。

Radar was originally developed for detecting enemy aircraft, but is used in many applications today.

雷達最初是為探測敵機而開發(fā)的，但如今已被廣泛應用。
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Encryption was developed for government, and especially military, communications and is now used daily in Internet transactions.

加密技術(shù)是為政府，特別是軍隊，通信而開發(fā)的，現(xiàn)在我們使用在我們?nèi)粘５幕ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)交易上。

There are thousands more.

還有數(shù)以千計的發(fā)明。
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Karan Narang
Sanitary Napkins and Tissues

衛(wèi)生巾和紙巾
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In 1914, Ernst Mahler, the head of a small US company called Kimberly-Clark, toured pulp and paper plants in Germany, Austria, and Scandinavia and spotted a new cellulose material called “Cellucotton”. It was five times more absorbent than cotton itself and, when mass-produced, half as expensive. Upon returning to the US, Mahler trademarked it; when the US entered the war in 1917, Kimberly-Clark started producing the wadding for surgical bandages.

1914 年，美國一家名為金佰利*克拉克的小公司負責人恩斯特*馬勒參觀了德國、奧地利和斯堪的納維亞的紙漿和造紙廠，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種名為 "賽璐棉 "的新型纖維素材料。這種材料的吸水性是棉花的五倍，大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)后，價格只有棉花的一半?；氐矫绹?，馬勒將其注冊為商標；1917 年美國參戰(zhàn)后，金佰利公司開始生產(chǎn)用于外科繃帶的棉絮。

Meanwhile, International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement nurses started using it for their own personal hygienic use. Once the war ended, Kimberly-Clark re-purchased the surplus of bandages from the military and the Red Cross and created the first commercial sanitary napkins.

與此同時，國際紅十字會和紅新月運動的護士們開始將其用于個人衛(wèi)生。戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后，金佰利公司從軍方和紅十字會重新購買了剩余的繃帶，并創(chuàng)造了第一款商業(yè)衛(wèi)生巾。

The company also ironed out the cellulose material to make smooth tissues, which, in 1924, were released as the first facial tissues: Kleenex

該公司還將纖維素原料熨平，制成光滑的面巾紙，在1924年推出了第一款面巾紙:舒潔

戰(zhàn)爭時期有哪些偉大的發(fā)明？