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Aya Shawn
Living in Singapore, professional investorWed
The questioner apparently confused "technical issues" and "engineering issues"
An advanced semiconductor (CPU), which is a specific technology
A moon landing spacecraft or space rocket is a large-scale project
There is a wrong view here: if a certain technology is not advanced enough, a certain project will definitely not be realized. This is wrong.

提問(wèn)者顯然混淆了“技術(shù)問(wèn)題”和“工程問(wèn)題”
先進(jìn)的半導(dǎo)體（CPU），這是一種特定的技術(shù)
登月航天器或太空火箭是一項(xiàng)大型項(xiàng)目
這里有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)：如果某個(gè)技術(shù)不夠先進(jìn)，某個(gè)項(xiàng)目就一定無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)。這是錯(cuò)誤的。

The role of most advanced technologies is to reduce the cost and difficulty of the project and improve the reliability of the project, rather than being the key to determining whether the project can be successful.
The computer used for the Apollo moon landings had less computing power than an Apple watch today, but they still successfully landed on the moon.
When a technology is not advanced enough, engineers will change the design to achieve similar effects through other methods. The project may become more expensive, cumbersome, or less reliable, but still achieve the ultimate goal.

最先進(jìn)技術(shù)的作用是降低項(xiàng)目的成本和難度，提高項(xiàng)目的可靠性，而不是決定項(xiàng)目能否成功的關(guān)鍵。
阿波羅登月所用的計(jì)算機(jī)的計(jì)算能力還不如今天的蘋果手表，但他們?nèi)匀怀晒Φ顷懺虑颉?br /> 當(dāng)一項(xiàng)技術(shù)不夠先進(jìn)時(shí)，工程師會(huì)改變?cè)O(shè)計(jì)，通過(guò)其他方法達(dá)到類似的效果。該項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)變得更昂貴、更麻煩或更不可靠，但仍能實(shí)現(xiàn)最終目標(biāo)。

There is a famous scientist in China, Mr. Qian Xuesen. He has a professional book "Engineering Cybernetics", which explains this philosophy: technology is a component for realizing engineering. When we lack a component, we should consider changing to another implementation path. When one of our parts is not reliable enough, the engineering should be made reliable through better design.

中國(guó)有一位著名的科學(xué)家，錢學(xué)森先生。他有一本專業(yè)著作《工程控制論》，書中解釋了這樣一個(gè)理念：技術(shù)是實(shí)現(xiàn)工程的組成部分。當(dāng)我們?nèi)鄙僖粋€(gè)組件時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該考慮改變到另一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑。當(dāng)我們的某個(gè)部件不夠可靠時(shí)，應(yīng)該通過(guò)更好的設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)使工程變得可靠。

When humans did not have cranes, they built the pyramids and the Great Wall
Before humans had integrated circuits, they had already landed on the moon.
Before humans launched the global satellite positioning system, missiles could already hit targets accurately.
Before humans invented the steam engine, they had already sailed around the world
Before humans invented gunpowder, they could already launch large-scale wars

當(dāng)人類沒(méi)有起重機(jī)時(shí)，他們建造了金字塔和長(zhǎng)城
在人類擁有集成電路之前，他們就已經(jīng)登上了月球。
在人類推出全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)之前，導(dǎo)彈就已經(jīng)可以準(zhǔn)確命中目標(biāo)。
人類在發(fā)明蒸汽機(jī)之前，就已經(jīng)環(huán)球航行了
在人類發(fā)明火藥之前，就已經(jīng)可以發(fā)動(dòng)大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)

So, back to the original question
If Russia does not have advanced semiconductors, can it not manufacture effective weapons and spacecraft?
Of course not. The deficiencies in one technical field cannot cover up Russia's strength in other technical fields. The results of a project are often not determined by the level of a single technology.
The lack of a few technologies may result in higher costs, slower speeds, lower output, poorer reliability, and worse volume and weight performance, but in the end, Russia's goals will still be achieved.

那么，回到原來(lái)的問(wèn)題
俄羅斯如果沒(méi)有先進(jìn)的半導(dǎo)體，難道就不能制造有效的武器和航天器嗎？
當(dāng)然不是。某一技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的不足并不能掩蓋俄羅斯在其他技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的實(shí)力。一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的成果往往不是由單一技術(shù)的水平?jīng)Q定的。
缺少一些技術(shù)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致成本更高、速度更慢、產(chǎn)量更低、可靠性更差、體積和重量性能更差，但最終俄羅斯的目標(biāo)仍然會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。