中國是否在太空探索方面跟美國競爭？網(wǎng)友：事實(shí)上，中國根本不在乎競爭，只關(guān)注自身的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展！
Is China competing against the United States with space exploration?
譯文簡介
網(wǎng)友：早在20世紀(jì)，美國人就在探索外太空方面取得了領(lǐng)先地位。中國不會(huì)和美國競爭，中國有自己穩(wěn)定的節(jié)奏。雖然中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力與美國相當(dāng)，但中國人口眾多，所以中國不會(huì)花費(fèi)太多的錢去追求無法提高人民生活水平的虛名。
正文翻譯
網(wǎng)友：事實(shí)上，中國根本不在乎競爭，只關(guān)注自身的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展！
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Has the United States lost its predominant position in space exploration?
You do realize that right as you were asking the question, NASA was receiving this picture, right?
美國在太空探索領(lǐng)域失去了主導(dǎo)地位嗎？
你在提出這個(gè)問題的時(shí)候應(yīng)該也意識(shí)到，NASA收到了這張照片，對(duì)吧？
That thing—unofficially named Ultima Thule—is about 20 x 10 miles (31 x 19 km), it’s about as shiny and reflective as potting soil, and it’s over six billion kilometers away from Earth. The US-made Hubble Space Telescope was used to discover it in 2014. And just a few days ago, on January 1, 2019, the US-made New Horizons probe zoomed past it, passing only 2200 miles (3500 km) from it, and took pictures.
這個(gè)被非正式命名為Ultima thua（天涯海角）的天體大約有20 x 10英里(31 x 19公里)，它和盆栽土壤一樣閃亮、可以反光，距離地球超過60億公里。2014年，美國制造的哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)天體。就在幾天前，也就是2019年1月1日，美國制造的新視野號(hào)探測器從它身邊掠過，距離它只有2200英里(3500公里)，并拍下了照片。
天涯海角是人類宇宙飛船訪問過的最遙遠(yuǎn)的天體。下載“新視野”號(hào)在飛掠過程中獲取的所有數(shù)據(jù)需要18-20個(gè)月的時(shí)間；這只是即將發(fā)送的第一張高分辨率圖像。隨著數(shù)據(jù)的輸入，我們將看到更多更清晰的圖像。有傳言說，在未來幾年里，新視野號(hào)將嘗試駛向另一個(gè)柯伊伯帶的天體。2015年6月，新視野號(hào)成功地訪問了冥王星，現(xiàn)在它接近了天涯海角—而且它仍然有生命存在。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://mintwatchbillionaireclub.com 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
我非常愿意承認(rèn)和討論美國的缺陷和不足；有很多方法可以讓我們更好地堅(jiān)持自己的理想。我并不想貶低蘇聯(lián)的金星號(hào)和月球車，或者JAXA的隼鳥號(hào)，印度的曼加里安號(hào)，歐洲航天局的火星快車號(hào)和羅塞塔號(hào)和惠更斯號(hào)，又或者俄羅斯將人類送入太空的能力(美國目前還沒有)，中國的嫦娥四號(hào)探測器降落在月球背面，甚至是為美國太空計(jì)劃提供專業(yè)知識(shí)和設(shè)備的不同國家，與美國科學(xué)家合作的來自世界各地的科學(xué)家。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://mintwatchbillionaireclub.com 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
我非常清楚科學(xué)是一項(xiàng)國際事業(yè)，美國不可能在所有領(lǐng)域中都位列第一。事實(shí)也不該如此。每個(gè)國家都在太空中獲得“第一”的潛力。我不會(huì)單純因?yàn)槟承┴?fù)責(zé)收集宇宙知識(shí)的人才沒有美國護(hù)照，就貶低他們對(duì)人類的宇宙知識(shí)的一切貢獻(xiàn)。
Americans achieved a leading position in exploring outer space as early as the 20th century. China will not compete with the United States, China has its own stable rhythm. Although China's economic strength is comparable to that of the United States, China has a huge population, so China will not spend too much money to pursue glory that cannot improve people's living standards.
早在20世紀(jì)，美國人就在探索外太空方面取得了領(lǐng)先地位。中國不會(huì)和美國競爭，中國有自己穩(wěn)定的節(jié)奏。雖然中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力與美國相當(dāng)，但中國人口眾多，所以中國不會(huì)花費(fèi)太多的錢去追求無法提高人民生活水平的虛名。
Many people think that China's competition with the United States in space exploration is just like the space competition between the United States and the Soviet unx during the Cold War.
In fact, China only focuses on its own long-term development.
China has a long-term plan for space exploration. Take China's lunar exploration project as an example.
許多人認(rèn)為，中國跟美國在太空探索方面的競爭很像冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期美國跟蘇聯(lián)之間的太空競爭。
但事實(shí)上，中國只關(guān)注自身的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展。
中國制訂了太空探索的長期規(guī)劃。以中國的探月工程為例。
In 2000, the Chinese Academy of Sciences passed the review of the scientific goals and started to develop payloads based on the scientific goals.
從1999年開始，國防科工委組織有關(guān)部門系統(tǒng)論證月球探測的科學(xué)目標(biāo)。
2000年，中國科學(xué)院通過了科學(xué)目標(biāo)的審查，并開始根據(jù)科學(xué)目標(biāo)研發(fā)飛船載荷。
The specific implementation steps are:
In the first phase, from 2004 to 2007, lunar exploration satellites were developed and launched to carry out lunar exploration.
2004年1月，批準(zhǔn)設(shè)立了月球探測工程，并將其命名為“嫦娥工程”。
具體的實(shí)施步驟分為：
第一階段，2004年至2007年，研制發(fā)射月球探測衛(wèi)星，開展月球探測。
In the third stage, around 2020, the first automatic sampling and return exploration of lunar samples will be carried out.
第二階段，2013年前后，開展首次月球軟著陸和自動(dòng)巡邏探測。
第三階段，2020年前后，進(jìn)行第一次月球樣本自動(dòng)采樣和返回探測。
On October 24, 2007, Chang'e-1 was launched and successfully completed the lunar exploration.
On December 2, 2013, the Chang'e-3 was launched, successfully realizing a lunar patrol and survey.
On November 24, 2020, Chang'e 5 was launched, and the soil was successfully retrieved from the moon. On December 17, the Chang'e 5 returner carried lunar samples and landed safely in a predetermined area in Inner Mongolia.
實(shí)際進(jìn)展：
2007年10月24日，嫦娥一號(hào)發(fā)射成功，完成了對(duì)月球的探測。
2013年12月2日，嫦娥三號(hào)發(fā)射成功，完成了對(duì)月球的巡邏和考察。
2020年11月24日，嫦娥五號(hào)發(fā)射成功，成功從月球取回土壤。12月17日，嫦娥五號(hào)返回器攜帶著月球樣本，安全降落在內(nèi)蒙古的預(yù)定區(qū)域。
When China began its lunar exploration project in 2000, China’s national power was far smaller than that of the United States, and it had no intention of competing with the United States at all.
On September 28, 2010, the official website of the Chinese reported on the three-phase plan of the lunar exploration project.
At that time, China had only completed the first phase.
可以看出，中國幾乎按時(shí)完成了目標(biāo)。
當(dāng)中國在2000年開始探月工程時(shí)，中國的國力遠(yuǎn)不如美國，中國根本沒有與美國競爭的意圖。
2010年9月28日，中國官方網(wǎng)站公布了探月工程的三期規(guī)劃。
當(dāng)時(shí)，中國還只是剛完成了第一階段。
Peter Kaye
NO, only the US thinks everything is a competition, what about India? Aren’t they going to the moon also? Are they competing with the US as well? Or are they all just doing their own thing? What about Europe and Russia? Are they all in competition? What prise is there for the winner?
不，只有美國認(rèn)為一切都是競爭，印度呢？他們不是也要登月嗎？他們也在跟美國競爭嗎?還是說他們只是自己在閉門造車？那么歐洲和俄羅斯呢？他們都有在跟美國競爭嗎？獲勝者有什么獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)呢？
Yes, of course they are. Although they are more likely competing against Space X rather than the US. Space is the high ground. Anyone that loses the high ground loses in general. China has a dread of being embarrassed more than almost any nation on earth. They have a need to be considered worthy of respect than most nations. So they have to compete almost everywhere.
是的，他們當(dāng)然是在跟美國競爭了。但他們更有可能是跟Space X公司競爭。太空是制高點(diǎn)。任何失去高地的人都只能甘拜下風(fēng)。中國比幾乎所有國家都更害怕尷尬。他們比大多數(shù)國家更需要受人尊重的感覺。所以他們必須在幾乎所有領(lǐng)域展開競爭。
Whatever China put their heart and mind into, they aimed to be the world best. Their 4.5k culture taught them to be self sufficient as much as possible and dependents on other comes with a heavy price where they could lose their sovereign.
Hence to understand China is to understand the 4.5k culture.
China ancient saying, “if you give me one inche I'll give you one feet", if you respect me once I'll return 10 folds.
無論中國把重心放在哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域，他們的目標(biāo)都是要力爭成為世界第一。他們4500年的豐富文化教會(huì)他們要盡量實(shí)現(xiàn)自給自足，依賴他人只會(huì)導(dǎo)致沉重的代價(jià)，可能會(huì)失去主權(quán)。
因此，了解中國就是了解4500年的文化。
中國有句古話，“敬我一尺，我還之一丈”，如果你尊重我，我就會(huì)回敬你十倍。
Everybody seems to think that China is competing with the United States in everything…economic growth, military expansion, technological innovation, space exploration, etc.
China does not care about competition. That’s not what China is about. China only wants to do what’s best for its people. That includes growing its economy as large as possible. That includes elevating the people out of poverty and into the middle class.
That includes improving the safety and stability of society.
That includes giving the people a sense of national pride. Space exploration will do this.
似乎所有人都認(rèn)為中國在所有領(lǐng)域都跟美國開展競爭，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、軍事擴(kuò)張、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、太空探索等。
中國并不關(guān)心競爭。中國志不在此。中國只想做對(duì)人民最有利的事情，比如將中國經(jīng)濟(jì)盡可能發(fā)展壯大。這就包含了讓人民擺脫貧困，進(jìn)入中產(chǎn)階級(jí)。
這也包含了提高社會(huì)的安全度和穩(wěn)定度。
這還包含了讓中國人民獲得民族自豪感。太空探索就能做到這一點(diǎn)。
I mean. The United States and Russia have already gotten the most “key” milestones. Getting on the moon and getting into space. If China wants people to know that they are able to compete in the space exploration race, I think that they best way to do it is to get people on Mars. That is the only way to let the world know that they are able to form a space team.
在我看來，美國和俄羅斯都已經(jīng)取得了最“關(guān)鍵”的里程碑，登上月球，進(jìn)入太空。如果中國想讓人們知道中國也有能力參與太空探索領(lǐng)域的競爭，我認(rèn)為他們最好的辦法就是把人類送上火星。這是讓全世界都知道中國有能力組建太空?qǐng)F(tuán)隊(duì)的唯一方法。
If China wants to learn more about music, does that mean it wants to compete with the US on music as well? The US does not have the monopoly on space exploration, any nation that has the will and knowledge can try.
如果中國想要多學(xué)點(diǎn)音樂知識(shí)，是不是也意味著它想在音樂方面跟美國競爭？美國并沒有壟斷太空探索，有意愿有能力的國家都可以嘗試。
Yes. But China's focus is not exploration. It's political and a public relations campaign. The Chinese public -or any nation's — is not interested in scientific insights. For the political elite: Is there political gain from that? Sometimes yes.
是的。但中國的重心不在勘探。這是一場政治和公共關(guān)系的運(yùn)動(dòng)。中國民眾—或者全球各國的民眾—對(duì)科學(xué)見解都不感興趣。對(duì)政治精英而言：這樣做有政治益處嗎？有時(shí)候是的。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://mintwatchbillionaireclub.com 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
China is now definitely right behind the United States in space exploration. They are definitely ahead of India and Japan. One thing they have in their favor is that their economy and government isn't as monolith and centralized as that of the old Soviet unx, though it is still in theory. The have the second largest economy in the world, and whether it is they or us who take the lead in the exploration of space depends primarily on who has the will and the imagination. We've shown little of either since Apollo. I thing it's doubtful that our government, disfunctional as it is, will be able to do this, but private companies like SpaceX, who aren't bound by government bureaucracy and infighting, might.
在太空探索方面，中國現(xiàn)在絕對(duì)落后于美國，但也絕對(duì)領(lǐng)先于印度和日本。對(duì)中國有利的一點(diǎn)是，中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)不像前蘇聯(lián)那樣龐大和集中。中國是世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體，在太空探索領(lǐng)域中國或美國誰能勝出，主要取決于誰有決心、誰有想象力。在阿波羅計(jì)劃后，我們愈發(fā)低調(diào)了。我認(rèn)為，我們的政府已經(jīng)失能，能否做到這一點(diǎn)值得懷疑，但像Space X這樣的私營公司，不受政府官僚主義和內(nèi)斗的束縛，可能會(huì)做到。