No evidence foreign students are abusing UK graduate visas, review finds
-Migration Advisory Committee says the risks are low, despite Tory claims the route is being exploited

調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，沒有證據(jù)表明外國學生濫用英國畢業(yè)生簽證
——移民咨詢委員會表示，盡管保守黨聲稱這條途徑正在被利用，但風險很低


(The Migration Advisory Committee said the graduate visa entitlement should remain in place.)

（移民咨詢委員會表示，畢業(yè)生簽證應繼續(xù)保留。）
新聞：

There is no evidence of widespread abuse of the UK’s graduate visa route, the government’s immigration advisers have concluded, despite repeated claims from senior Conservatives that it is being exploited to enter the jobs market.

英國政府的移民顧問得出結論，沒有證據(jù)表明英國的畢業(yè)生簽證途徑存在普遍濫用，盡管保守黨高層一再聲稱，這一途徑正被利用來進入就業(yè)市場。

The Migration Advisory Committee (MAC) said the graduate visa entitlement – allowing international students to work for two or three years after graduating – should remain in place. Members said the risks of abuse were relatively low and were “not undermining” the integrity and quality of the higher education system.

移民咨詢委員會表示，畢業(yè)生簽證的權利——允許國際學生在畢業(yè)后工作兩到三年——應當保持不變。成員們表示，濫用的風險相對較低，并且“沒有破壞”高等教育體系的完整性和質(zhì)量。

The report’s release has stoked an internal Conservative party row over net migration, with senior rightwing MPs describing it as a “whitewash”.

該報告的發(fā)布引發(fā)了保守黨內(nèi)部關于凈移民的爭論，右翼高級議員將其描述為“粉飾”。

Robert Jenrick, a former immigration minister, wrote that the committee’s inquiries were tightly controlled by the commission from James Cleverly, the home secretary.

前移民大臣羅伯特·詹里克寫道，委員會的調(diào)查受到內(nèi)政大臣詹姆士·柯維立的委員會的嚴格控制。

“The MAC’s conclusions have clearly been constrained by the narrow terms of reference deliberately set by the government. If you order white paint, you get a whitewash,” he wrote on X, formerly Twitter.

“移民咨詢委員會的結論顯然受到政府刻意設定的狹窄職權范圍的限制。如果你訂購白漆，就會得到粉飾，”他在X上寫道。

Neil O’Brien, a Tory MP who is an ally of Jenrick, described the report as a “whitewash” on Substack: “We are pursuing an arbitrary target, and the expansion of universities for their own sake.”

保守黨議員尼爾·奧布萊恩是詹里克的盟友，他將這份報告描述為對Substack的“粉飾”：“我們追求的是一個武斷的目標，并且大學的擴張是為了它們自身的利益。”

Another Conservative MP said backbenchers were “piling pressure” on Rishi Sunak to ignore the committee’s conclusions.

另一名保守黨議員表示，后座議員們正在“不斷施加壓力”，要求蘇納克無視委員會的結論。
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The government has so far declined to say whether it will accept the MAC recommendations. A source close to the home secretary said he would read the review thoroughly and listen to Prof Brian Bell, the committee’s chair, carefully before he makes any decision. They were due to meet on Tuesday afternoon.

到目前為止，政府拒絕透露是否會接受移民咨詢委員的建議。一位與內(nèi)政大臣關系密切的消息人士表示，在做出任何決定之前，他將仔細閱讀這份報告，并聽取委員會主席布萊恩·貝爾教授的意見。他們原定于周二下午會面。

The committee’s decision was greeted with relief by university vice-chancellors, who have warned that abolishing the graduate visa would spell financial turmoil for the sector. But higher education leaders said they still feared No 10 could cherrypick elements of the report to justify a further crackdown.

該委員會的決定令大學校長們松了一口氣，他們警告稱，取消畢業(yè)生簽證將給該行業(yè)帶來金融動蕩。但高等教育領導人表示，他們?nèi)匀粨挠赡軙暨x報告中的部分內(nèi)容，為進一步打擊提供理由。

University leaders had been told to expect the government’s response in the middle of next week, alongside the publication of the ONS’s net migration figures. But the MAC report in favour of retaining graduate visas may have scuppered plans by ministers to use it as the centrepiece of a fresh crackdown.

大學領導人被告知，政府將在下周中期做出回應，同時英國國家統(tǒng)計局將公布凈移民數(shù)據(jù)。但是，移民咨詢委員會支持保留畢業(yè)生簽證的報告，可能已經(jīng)破壞了大臣們將其作為新一輪打擊行動核心的計劃。

Cleverly commissioned the review amid a growing clamour in Tory circles that graduate visas were being abused to gain access to employment.

在保守黨圈子里，畢業(yè)生簽證被濫用以獲得就業(yè)機會的呼聲日益高漲之際，克萊維利委托進行了這項審查。

Last week, Jenrick published a report with the Centre for Policy Studies thinktank that called for the graduate visa to be abolished, claiming it “allowed people to come and work in the gig economy and on very low wages”.

上周，詹里克與智庫政策研究中心一起發(fā)表了一份報告，呼吁廢除畢業(yè)生簽證，稱它“允許人們來這里以極低的工資從事零工經(jīng)濟工作”。

In a forthright response, Bell said: “Our review recommends the graduate route should remain as it is, and is not undermining the quality and integrity of the UK’s higher education system.

在一個直率的回應中，貝爾說：“我們的評估建議畢業(yè)生途徑應該保持原樣，不要破壞英國高等教育體系的質(zhì)量和完整性。
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“The graduate route is a key part of the offer that we make to international students to come and study in the UK. The fees that these students pay helps universities to cover the losses they make in teaching British students and doing research. Without those students, many universities would need to shrink and less research would be done.”

“畢業(yè)生途徑是我們向來英國學習的國際學生提供的一個關鍵部分。這些學生支付的費用幫助大學彌補了他們在教授英國學生和從事研究方面的虧空。如果沒有這些學生，許多大學將需要縮減規(guī)模，開展的研究也會減少。”

The committee said:
1、There is no evidence of widespread abuse specifically for the graduate route. The risks of abuse are relatively low due to the limited number of conditions the route imposes.
2、There is concern about potential exploitation of both student and graduate visa holders due to poor practices by certain agents who recruit students on to courses and may be mis-selling UK higher education, but this is a separate issue from abuse of the rules of the graduate route.
3、114,000 graduate route visas were granted for main applicants in 2023 with a further 30,000 granted for dependants.
4、The use of the graduate route is concentrated among four nationalities: the top four – India, Nigeria, China and Pakistan – account for 70% of all graduate visas with India accounting for more than 40%.
5、Most of those on the graduate route completed postgraduate taught courses.

委員會說：
1、沒有證據(jù)表明普遍存在針對畢業(yè)生途徑的濫用行為。由于這條途徑所附加的有限條件，濫用的風險相對較低。
2、由于某些中介機構招收學生參加課程的不良做法，可能會不當銷售英國高等教育，因此人們擔心學生和畢業(yè)生簽證持有人可能受到利用，但這與濫用畢業(yè)生途徑的規(guī)則是不同的問題。
3、2023年，向主申請人發(fā)放了311.4萬份畢業(yè)生簽證，向家屬發(fā)放了3萬份簽證。
4、畢業(yè)生簽證的使用主要集中在四個國家：排名前四的國家——印度、尼日利亞、中國和巴基斯坦——占所有畢業(yè)生簽證的70%，其中印度占40%以上。
5、大多數(shù)使用畢業(yè)生途徑的人完成了研究生授課的課程。

Graduate visa holders are initially “overrepresented in lower-paid work” but their outcomes improve over time, the report said.

報告稱，畢業(yè)生簽證持有人最初“在低收入工作中所占比例過高”，但隨著時間的推移，他們的成果會有所改善。
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The MAC review was unable to assess the risk of overstaying due to a lack of Home Office data.

由于缺乏內(nèi)政部的數(shù)據(jù)，移民咨詢委員會的審查無法評估逾期居留的風險。
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Alex Proudfoot, the chief executive of the representative body Independent Higher Education, said: “We urge the government to swiftly confirm they will follow their experts’ recommendation that the graduate visa be retained in its current form, and commit afresh to working with the education sector to maximise the benefits that international students bring.”

獨立高等教育代表機構的首席執(zhí)行官亞歷克斯·普勞德福特表示：“我們敦促政府迅速確認，他們將遵循專家的建議，保留目前的畢業(yè)生簽證形式，并重新承諾與教育部門合作，最大限度地發(fā)揮國際學生帶來的好處?！?/b>

Tim Bradshaw, the chief executive of the Russell Group of leading research universities, said: “The overall message from the MAC is that the graduate route is achieving its obxtives as set out by the government. We would therefore urge ministers to end the uncertainty and confirm as soon as possible that the route will continue in its entirety.”

領先研究型大學羅素集團的首席執(zhí)行官蒂姆·布拉德肖表示：“移民咨詢委員會傳達的總體信息是，畢業(yè)生途徑正在實現(xiàn)政府設定的目標。因此，我們敦促大臣們結束這種不確定性，并盡快確認這條途徑將完整地繼續(xù)下去?！?/b>

In February, Universities UK (UUK) said it would review international student admissions processes after the allegations of “bad practice” by agents recruiting overseas students.

今年2月，英國大學表示，在海外招生中介被指控存在“不良做法”后，他們將審查國際學生的錄取程序。

The MAC has recommended the government should establish a mandatory registration system for international recruitment agents, and universities should be required to publish data on their use of agents to “help protect the integrity” of the UK higher education system.

移民咨詢委員會建議政府應該建立一個強制性的國際招生代理注冊制度，大學應該被要求公布它們使用代理的數(shù)據(jù)，以“幫助保護英國高等教育體系的完整性”。

The review was launched in March after Cleverly instructed the committee, which gives independent advice to the government, to investigate “any evidence of abuse” of the graduate route, “including the route not being fit for purpose”, and to look at which universities were producing graduates who used the route.

在克萊維利指示這個向政府提供獨立建議的委員會調(diào)查“任何濫用研究生路線的證據(jù)”，“包括該路線不符合目的”，并調(diào)查哪些大學培養(yǎng)了使用該路線的畢業(yè)生之后，這項審查于3月份啟動。

Vivienne Stern, the chief executive of UUK, said: “The MAC’s recommendation that the graduate route should remain on its current terms is extremely important and welcome.

英國聯(lián)合大學首席執(zhí)行官維維安·斯特恩表示：“移民咨詢委員會關于畢業(yè)生途徑應保持現(xiàn)有條件的建議非常重要，也受到歡迎。

“The uncertainty caused by the decision to review the visa has been toxic,” she said. “We hope and expect that government now listens to the advice they have been given and provides categorical reassurance that the graduate visa is here to stay.”

“審查簽證的決定帶來的不確定性是有害的，”她說?！拔覀兿Ｍ⑵诖F(xiàn)在聽取他們的建議，明確保證畢業(yè)生簽證將繼續(xù)存在?！?/b>

A government spokesperson said: “We are committed to attracting the best and brightest to study at our world-class universities, whilst preventing abuse of our immigration system, which is why the home secretary commissioned an independent review of the graduate route.

一位政府發(fā)言人說：“我們致力于吸引最優(yōu)秀、最聰明的人到我們的世界級大學學習，同時防止濫用我們的移民制度，這就是為什么內(nèi)政大臣委托對畢業(yè)生提交進行獨立審查的原因。

“We have already taken decisive action to address unsustainable levels of migration and our plans are working, with a 24% drop in visa applications across key routes in the first three months of this year, compared with the same period last year.

“我們已經(jīng)采取了果斷的行動來解決不可持續(xù)的移民水平，我們的計劃正在發(fā)揮作用，今年前三個月主要路線的簽證申請與去年同期相比下降了24%。

“We are considering the review’s findings very closely and we will respond fully in due course.”

“我們正在非常仔細地考慮評估結果，并將在適當?shù)臅r候做出全面回應?！?br />