QA話題討論:韓日文化有多相似?
How similar are Korean and Japanese cultures?譯文簡(jiǎn)介
網(wǎng)友:在我訪問(wèn)韓國(guó)時(shí),我注意到韓國(guó)人平均來(lái)說(shuō)比日本人更開(kāi)放和自由地表達(dá)情感。這并不是說(shuō)日本人完全沒(méi)有情感——在日本的街頭,你也會(huì)聽(tīng)到人們?cè)谛烷_(kāi)玩笑,只是沒(méi)有那么頻繁。 在韓國(guó),我兩次看到小老太太鉆到地鐵檢票口下面以逃避付費(fèi)。我日本的妻子看到這種情況幾乎要暈倒了。
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In my visits to South Korea, I have seen that Koreans are a bit more open and free with their emotions than Japanese people, on average. This is not to say Japanese people are a bunch of emotionless Vulcans—you’ll hear people laughing and joking on the street in Japan, too, just not as much.
In Korea, twice I’ve seen little old ladies duck under the subway’s ticket gate to avoid paying. My Japanese wife nearly fainted in shock at seeing that.
在我訪問(wèn)韓國(guó)時(shí),我注意到韓國(guó)人平均來(lái)說(shuō)比日本人更開(kāi)放和自由地表達(dá)情感。這并不是說(shuō)日本人完全沒(méi)有情感——在日本的街頭,你也會(huì)聽(tīng)到人們?cè)谛烷_(kāi)玩笑,只是沒(méi)有那么頻繁。 在韓國(guó),我兩次看到小老太太鉆到地鐵檢票口下面以逃避付費(fèi)。我日本的妻子看到這種情況幾乎要暈倒了。
Very different, but Japanese culture is heavily influenced by Korea. Japanese language, although kind of a mystery as to where it came from, tends to sound a lot like Korean. Much of the art work, political systems and technology of early Japan are directly from Korea. The Emperor of Japan just recently commented on how the royal family is directly descended from Korean aristocracy. Buddhism came through Korea. The southern Islands were settled by Koreans, and the Beakje Royal family fled to Japan where the settled after they lost to the Silla towards the end of the three kingdoms period. But, after a few hundred years, the Japanese broke ties. They assimilated a lot of Chinese culture. Japan occupied and colonized Korea from the early 1900s until they were expelled at the end of WWII. Because of this, there was a general expulsion of all things Japanese. This is one of the reasons the cultures are so different. Westerners tend to see all Asian cultures as similar, but the reality is compared to European culture, Asians are very different. Different alphabets, different diets, completely different languages, different rituals. Even the things that are similar are different. Chop sticks. In Korea, they are long and slender and often times made of metal. Japanese chop stick (I think I'm getting this right) are short and thick. Bowing a touch more elaborate in Korean culture than in Japanese and Chinese cultures. Construction techniques, art and literature styles as well. I find it far more interesting than Western culture.
非常不同,但日本文化受韓國(guó)影響很大。日語(yǔ)雖然其起源有些神秘,但聽(tīng)起來(lái)很像韓語(yǔ)。早期日本的許多藝術(shù)作品、政治制度和技術(shù)都直接來(lái)自韓國(guó)。日本天皇最近曾談到皇室直接是源自韓國(guó)貴族。佛教也是通過(guò)韓國(guó)傳入日本的。南部島嶼是由韓國(guó)人定居的,百濟(jì)王室在三國(guó)時(shí)期后期輸給新羅后逃亡到日本,在那里定居。但是幾百年后,日本斷絕了與韓國(guó)的聯(lián)系。他們吸收了很多中國(guó)文化。日本從20世紀(jì)初開(kāi)始占領(lǐng)和殖民朝鮮,直到二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束被驅(qū)逐出去。因此,一般來(lái)說(shuō),所有與日本有關(guān)的事物都被排斥。這就是兩國(guó)文化如此不同的原因之一。西方人傾向于將所有亞洲文化視為相似,但事實(shí)上,與歐洲文化相比,亞洲文化非常不同。不同的字母表,不同的飲食,完全不同的語(yǔ)言,不同的儀式。即使是相似的事物也不盡相同。比如筷子,韓國(guó)的筷子長(zhǎng)而細(xì),通常是由金屬制成的。日本的筷子(我想我沒(méi)弄錯(cuò))短而粗。鞠躬在韓國(guó)文化中比在日本和中國(guó)文化中更加復(fù)雜。建筑技術(shù)、藝術(shù)和文學(xué)風(fēng)格也是如此。我覺(jué)得這比西方文化要有趣得多。
It is a historical fact that the early Japanese royal roots were started by the blood line of Baekje royals that fled Korean peninsula after losing the war with Shilla. And this group in exile founded a new kingdom in Japan, and named its capital “Nara”, which is a common noun in Korean for “country”. Even some very basic words share common proto-linguistic root such as Eonni (K), which now means elder sister, but both older bro & older sister, or the first born sibling in general even about a century ago, whereas it is Ane (older sister) or Ani (older brother) in Japanese. It is also a very curious point or purely a coincidence that the French for the first born sibling is also “a?né”.
一個(gè)歷史事實(shí)是,早期日本皇室的根源來(lái)自百濟(jì)皇族的血脈,他們?cè)谂c新羅的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)失敗后逃離了朝鮮半島。這個(gè)流亡的群體在日本建立了一個(gè)新王國(guó),并將其首都命名為“奈良”,這是韓語(yǔ)中表示“國(guó)家”的一個(gè)普通名詞。一些非常基本的詞匯也共享同樣的原始語(yǔ)言根源,比如“??(Eonni)”,現(xiàn)在意思是姐姐,但在大約一個(gè)世紀(jì)前,它可以指哥哥和姐姐,或者一般意義上的長(zhǎng)子女,而在日語(yǔ)中則是“姉(Ane,姐姐)”或“兄(Ani,哥哥)”。另外,還有一個(gè)非常有趣的點(diǎn),或者說(shuō)是純粹的巧合,就是法語(yǔ)中長(zhǎng)子女也是“a?né”。
Japan was founded in the early 4th century. Around 663, Baekje was defeated in the Battle of Hakushongo and about 2,000 refugees fled to Japan. At that time, Japan was already a large country with a population of 5 million people.
Baekje was a vassal state of Japan. The name Nara has nothing to do with Baekje. The meaning of Nara is to level the land.
日本是在4世紀(jì)初建立的。大約在663年,百濟(jì)在白村江之戰(zhàn)中被擊敗,大約2000名難民逃到了日本。那時(shí),日本已經(jīng)是一個(gè)有500萬(wàn)人口的大國(guó)了。 百濟(jì)是日本的藩屬國(guó)。奈良這個(gè)名字與百濟(jì)無(wú)關(guān),奈良的意思是“平整土地”。
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Throughout history, both Korea and Japan have been part of the East Asian Confucian Circle, despite Japan's recent transition into a more Westernized society, their culture customs have not changed overnight.
縱觀歷史,盡管日本最近向更加西方化的社會(huì)過(guò)渡,但韓國(guó)和日本一直都是東亞儒家文化圈的一部分,他們的文化習(xí)俗并沒(méi)有一夜之間改變。
They all have been deeply influenced and shaped by ancient Chinese culture, in all aspects.
他們?cè)诟鱾€(gè)方面都受到了古代中國(guó)文化的深刻影響和塑造。
Korean ancestors are Japanese ancestors. ???? has transferred the Korean culture and ideas to Japan. So Japan has grown up from there. Therefore, Japan and Korea are similar from under the same ancestors.
韓國(guó)祖先就是日本祖先。????(近肖古王大河?。㈨n國(guó)文化和理念傳入日本。因此,日本從此發(fā)展起來(lái)。因此,日本和韓國(guó)有相同的祖先,所以它們是相似的。
if the culture was not differnt we, Korea & Japan would have been one country.
Do NOT try to find any similarity between Korea & Japan
there are more differences than similarities.
如果文化沒(méi)有差異的話,我們韓國(guó)和日本早就成為一個(gè)國(guó)家了。 不要試圖在韓國(guó)和日本之間尋找任何相似之處, 差異遠(yuǎn)多于相似點(diǎn)。
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Unfortunately, it took longer to clense the land due to Korean War.
Korea tried to erase and eleminate the traces of the Japanese Invasion Era..
40 years, Korea was governed under despotism.. later Japan tried to erase Name of KOREA from the World MAP.
Korean war brought the very good chance for Japan to come back their economic & business lines back in running.. how Ironic...
如果韓國(guó)與日本有任何相似之處,那是因?yàn)轫n國(guó)曾被日本統(tǒng)治,這是一種在強(qiáng)迫條約下的隱形侵略...
不幸的是,由于朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),清除這些痕跡花費(fèi)了更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。
韓國(guó)試圖抹去和消除日本侵略時(shí)代的痕跡。
40年間,韓國(guó)在專制統(tǒng)治下被治理... 后來(lái)日本試圖將韓國(guó)的名字從世界地圖上抹去。
朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給日本帶來(lái)了一個(gè)非常好的機(jī)會(huì),使其經(jīng)濟(jì)和商業(yè)重新恢復(fù)運(yùn)行... 多么具有諷刺意味啊...
How similar are we? In my personal opnion, we are like brothers and sister with different mothers or fathers.
Oh, I am Japanese and in my personal experience, the Japanese and Koreans are so much alike in terms of culture. We think alike and laugh at similar topics. The only thing that separates us is the language. I do not know they are Koreans, unless they speak the language.
我們有多相似?在我個(gè)人看來(lái),我們就像不同母親或父親的兄弟姐妹。 哦,我是日本人,根據(jù)我的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn),日本人和韓國(guó)人在文化上非常相似。我們思維方式相似,對(duì)相似的話題發(fā)笑。唯一將我們區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)的是語(yǔ)言。如果他們不說(shuō)韓語(yǔ),我不會(huì)知道他們是韓國(guó)人。
Both cultures borrowed incredibly from ancient China. Especially around Tang and Song Dynasities. However the heavy borrowings started even earlier. For example Kimono is similar to Hanfu of Han Dynasty. Hanbok is similar to Sui dynasty Hanfu. The exteme politeness and social hierarchy of both cultures came from Chinese Confucianism. Architecture, musical instruments,crafts, ,martial arts,tea ceremony and sitting on the floor, etc are also remnants of the Tang dynasty. All that is a reason enough for Korea and Japan to be so culturally similar.
兩種文化都從古代中國(guó)借鑒了許多東西,特別是在唐朝和宋朝時(shí)期。然而,重大的借鑒早在更早時(shí)期就開(kāi)始了。例如,和服與漢朝的漢服相似,而韓服與隋朝的漢服相似。兩種文化的極端禮貌和社會(huì)等級(jí)制度都源自中國(guó)儒家思想。建筑、樂(lè)器、工藝、美術(shù)、武術(shù)、茶道和坐在地上等習(xí)俗也是唐朝留下的遺產(chǎn)。這些足以解釋為什么韓國(guó)和日本在文化上如此相似。
然而,現(xiàn)代中國(guó)……在經(jīng)歷了滿族的嚴(yán)重破壞和后來(lái)幾乎被***和大躍進(jìn)徹底XX之后,變成了一個(gè)與韓國(guó)和日本非常不同的國(guó)家。它現(xiàn)在才開(kāi)始復(fù)興其真正的文化,但其中許多已經(jīng)隨著時(shí)間的流逝而丟失了。
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Yes, Korea and Japan borrowed a lot from ancient China but their basic culture, i.e. language, clothing, foods, housing were very different each other from the remote past. For example, Koreans sit on floor thousands years even before they knew about Chinese.
是的,韓國(guó)和日本從古代中國(guó)借鑒了很多東西,但它們的基本文化,即語(yǔ)言、服裝、食物、住房,從遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代起就彼此非常不同。。例如,韓國(guó)人在知道漢語(yǔ)之前幾千年就開(kāi)始坐地板了。
Interesting, but Han and Tang Chinese also were sitting on the floor with low tables. Hanbok and Kimono definitely come from Hanfu though. Of course Korea and Japan had different clothing before Chinese influence but that clothing has been forgotten since nowadays only Hanbok and Kimono remain.
有趣的是,但漢朝和唐朝的中國(guó)人也坐在地上,擺著低矮的桌子。盡管韓服和和服確實(shí)來(lái)自漢服。當(dāng)然,在受到中國(guó)影響之前,韓國(guó)和日本有不同的服裝,但這些服裝如今已經(jīng)被遺忘了,現(xiàn)在只剩下韓服和和服。
Hanbok has nothing to do with Chinese Hanfu. Hanbok had a great influenced from the Scythian nomads. Chinese did not have trousers for horseback riding going back 2000 years. Google it to find out more.
韓服與中國(guó)的漢服毫無(wú)關(guān)系。韓服受到了斯基泰游牧民族的巨大影響。中國(guó)人2000年前沒(méi)有用于騎馬穿的褲子。可以通過(guò)谷歌搜索了解更多。
Ancient or modern?
Ancient is completely different from the 13th century. You can not talk about Koreans before. Then there were the Sillas and Koguryos.
Sillas are the Proto-Koreans. And their culture has nothing to do with the Japanese does not have their closest cultural neighbors is the Thais and China.
是古代還是現(xiàn)代?
古代文化從13世紀(jì)開(kāi)始就完全不同了。你不能談?wù)撝暗捻n國(guó)人。那時(shí)是新羅和高句麗。
新羅人是原始的朝鮮族。他們的文化與日本毫無(wú)關(guān)系,他們最親近的文化鄰居是泰國(guó)和中國(guó)。
In modern culture, Korean modern culture is based on copying. Yes, 2005, she copied the Japanese. Now he is copying Quebec.
Therefore, the similarity of modern culture is high, however, in a coarser and less qualitative form.
而高句麗人是創(chuàng)造邪馬臺(tái)國(guó)的人,但他們是異教徒。因此,即使在當(dāng)時(shí)也有所不同。所以他們的影響顯而易見(jiàn),但隨著時(shí)間的推移逐漸減少,更多地被當(dāng)?shù)孛褡逅〈?br /> 在現(xiàn)代文化中,韓國(guó)的現(xiàn)代文化是以復(fù)制為基礎(chǔ)的。是的,2005年,它復(fù)制了日本?,F(xiàn)在它正在復(fù)制魁北克。
因此,現(xiàn)代文化的相似性是很高的,然而,在一個(gè)粗糙的和不那么定性的形式。
Koreans plagiarize Japanese culture and do it badly. However, with the help of various dishonest methods they penetrate their culture.
Historically, Korean culture has always been a copy of someone.
Mongol Chinese in the 19th century was very difficult to distinguish between Korean and Chinese culture.
韓國(guó)人抄襲日本文化,而且做得很糟糕。然而,他們借助各種不誠(chéng)實(shí)的方法滲透到對(duì)方的文化中。
從歷史上看,韓國(guó)文化一直都是別人的復(fù)制品。
在19世紀(jì),蒙古中國(guó)人非常難以區(qū)分韓國(guó)和中國(guó)的文化。
日本人一直都很有創(chuàng)造力。即使她借鑒了一些東西,她也會(huì)改造一切,以至于被借鑒的人無(wú)法理解基本思想是從他那里借來(lái)的。日本文化中也有很多獨(dú)特之處,例如武士、詩(shī)歌、氏族間親密關(guān)系、服裝、漆盒等等。
In the 20th century, Koreans copied much from the Japanese and called onigiri as a triangular kimpab - the "original Korean dish."
而在韓國(guó),一切都只是直接的復(fù)制。例如,在19世紀(jì),貴族婦女穿著的裙子和上衣幾乎是對(duì)15世紀(jì)中國(guó)服飾的完全復(fù)制。在中國(guó)已經(jīng)停止穿著之后,韓國(guó)仍然繼續(xù)穿著。
在20世紀(jì),韓國(guó)人從日本復(fù)制了很多東西,并將三角形的金鋪包稱為“原創(chuàng)的韓國(guó)料理”。
They have completely different views of life, the assessment of life and morality. The moral of the Japanese is that they dove over him even if the law does not punish. Korean morality is something that only works under the threat of punishment. Only a Japanese can punish himself repenting - Korean NEVER. If the Korean is not caught, he believes that it is right, always.
但從這一點(diǎn)來(lái)看,他們的文化并沒(méi)有變得更接近日本,一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有。 他們對(duì)生活有完全不同的看法,對(duì)生活的評(píng)價(jià)和道德觀也不同。日本人的道德觀是,即使法律不懲罰,他們也會(huì)為之奮斗。韓國(guó)人的道德觀則只在受到懲罰的威脅下才有效。只有日本人會(huì)因?yàn)閮?nèi)疚而自我懲罰,而韓國(guó)人永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)。如果韓國(guó)人沒(méi)有被抓到,他認(rèn)為自己是正確的,總是這樣。
Korean and Japanese cultures share some similarities due to their geographical proximity and historical interactions, but they are also distinct in many ways. Here are some points to consider when comparing Korean and Japanese cultures:
韓國(guó)和日本文化由于地理上的接近和歷史上的互動(dòng),確實(shí)存在一些相似之處,但它們?cè)谠S多方面也有明顯的區(qū)別。以下是比較韓日文化時(shí)需要考慮的一些要點(diǎn):
History: Korea and Japan have a long history of cultural exchange, which has influenced each other's traditions and customs. However, both countries also have unique historical experiences that have shaped their respective cultures.
語(yǔ)言:韓語(yǔ)和日語(yǔ)是兩種不同的語(yǔ)言,互不通用。雖然兩種語(yǔ)言都使用漢字(韓語(yǔ)中的漢字和日語(yǔ)中的漢字)作為書寫系統(tǒng)的一部分,但它們的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯是不同的。
歷史:韓國(guó)和日本有著長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的文化交流歷史,這對(duì)彼此的傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗產(chǎn)生了影響。然而,兩國(guó)也有獨(dú)特的歷史經(jīng)歷,這些經(jīng)歷塑造了各自的文化。
Food: Korean and Japanese cuisines are distinct but share some common elements such as rice, noodles, and fermented foods like kimchi (Korean) and miso (Japanese). Each cuisine has its own unique flavors and cooking techniques.
宗教:兩國(guó)都受到本土信仰、佛教和儒家思想的影響。神道是日本的本土宗教,而基督教在韓國(guó)有著重要的影響。
食物:韓國(guó)和日本的烹飪風(fēng)格各具特色,但也有一些共同之處,比如米飯、面條和發(fā)酵食品,如泡菜(韓國(guó))和味噌(日本)。每種烹飪風(fēng)格都有自己獨(dú)特的口味和烹飪技巧。
藝術(shù)與娛樂(lè):兩國(guó)都有豐富的藝術(shù)傳統(tǒng),包括傳統(tǒng)音樂(lè)、舞蹈、戲劇和視覺(jué)藝術(shù)。韓國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)音樂(lè)(古樂(lè))和日本的傳統(tǒng)音樂(lè)(雅樂(lè))有一些相似之處,但也各具特色。
時(shí)尚:韓國(guó)和日本的時(shí)尚因其獨(dú)特風(fēng)格而在國(guó)際上備受認(rèn)可。雖然時(shí)尚潮流可能存在一些重疊,但每個(gè)國(guó)家都有自己的時(shí)尚亞文化和設(shè)計(jì)師。
禮儀:韓國(guó)和日本文化都非常重視對(duì)長(zhǎng)者的尊敬、禮貌和社會(huì)和諧。然而,在具體的習(xí)俗和禮儀實(shí)踐方面存在差異。
流行文化:韓國(guó)流行文化(K-pop)和日本流行文化(J-pop)近年來(lái)在全球范圍內(nèi)都獲得了廣泛的關(guān)注。雖然在娛樂(lè)內(nèi)容方面可能有一些相似之處,但每種流行文化都有其獨(dú)特的特點(diǎn)和粉絲群體。
總的來(lái)說(shuō),雖然韓國(guó)和日本文化有一些相似之處,但由于它們獨(dú)特的歷史、語(yǔ)言和傳統(tǒng),它們?cè)谠S多方面也各具特色。在欣賞和尊重兩種文化的差異的同時(shí),也要認(rèn)識(shí)到它們之間存在的共同點(diǎn)。
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