中國人真的很擅長數(shù)學嗎?
Is it true that Chinese are pretty good at maths?譯文簡介
網友:根據我的經驗,中國孩子在數(shù)學方面很出色。我見過中國中學生在完成的那種作業(yè),按加拿大的標準,基本相當于高中前期的微積分水平。
正文翻譯
研究顯示,中國人在算術方面確實更勝一籌。
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In my experience, Chinese children are very good at math. I've seen the kind of homework Chinese middle school students are zipping through and it was basically high school pre-calculus by Canadian standards.
根據我的經驗,中國孩子在數(shù)學方面很出色。我見過中國中學生在完成的那種作業(yè),按加拿大的標準,基本相當于高中前期的微積分水平。
另一位網友有趣地指出,這是因為語言的原因,我也這樣認為,但我認為還有另一個方面更能解釋為什么中國學生比其他人更快掌握數(shù)學。一些人覺得中國人不如其他人富有創(chuàng)造力(在某些方面根據我的經驗來看是真的),我想這也是出于同樣的原因。
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請允許我指出,我并非這一領域的專家。以下是我根據第一手觀察所得出的理解。我絕不是想說任何種族或國籍比其他種族或國籍更聰明或更能干,或任何文化就是正確或錯誤的。
漢語是通過記憶來學習的。尤其是閱讀時,需要不斷重復直到成功。一個漢語單詞有4個部分需要記住:意義、發(fā)音、字形和聲調。字形尤其會導致問題。
Many people think of Chinese characters as being something like pictograms describing their meaning. That's only true of some very basic characters: 日 sun 山 mountain 月 moon. There's a fair amount of characters that fall into this category, but even though the shapes of these characters remind us of the meanings, they don't tell us any thing about the sounds or the tone. Most written languages have been broken down into letters, which allow us, once we understand the code of what sound each letter makes to read basically any word in that language, and if we know what that word means, we're set. Chinese doesn't do this. Not much, anyway.
許多人認為漢字就像是表義符號,描繪著它們的意義。這只對一些最基本的字是對的:日(太陽)、山(山)、月(月亮)。確實有相當一部分字屬于這一類,但即使這些字的形狀讓我們聯(lián)想到它們的意義,它們也沒有告訴我們發(fā)音或聲調。大多數(shù)書面語言都被分解成字母,只要我們理解每個字母代表什么發(fā)音,就能讀出該語言中的任何單詞,如果我們知道單詞的意思,我們就沒問題了。漢語并非如此,反正大體上不是這樣。
馬 嗎 媽 罵 碼 瑪 螞 these characters are ALL pronounced the same way! Ma. Their meanings are completely unrelated! You may notice that they all share the integral component 馬. This one means horse, the next is a question mark, the next is mother… It doesn't get any easier from here. We can at least look at this and say ok 'ma = 馬' so if I see 馬 I know to say 'ma,' and if I want to write 'ma' I need to use that component. NOT. SO. FAST. 嘛 孖 蟆 犘 ma, ma, ma, ma. It also goes the other way: 骉 驢 biao, lv. In all fairness, the second one means donkey, and my Chinese wife doesn't know what the first one means, (neither did google translate!) but the pronunciation isn't ma.
馬、嗎、媽、罵、碼、瑪、螞這些字全部讀音相同!都是ma。它們的意思完全不相關!你可能會注意到它們都包含一個"馬"的部件。第一個意思是馬,下一個是問號,再下一個是母親...從這里開始并不會變得更容易。我們至少可以這樣說"好吧,'ma=馬',所以如果我看到'馬'就知道讀作'ma',如果我要寫'ma',我需要使用這個部件"。別著急,嘛、孖、蟆、犘,ma、ma、ma、ma。反過來也一樣:骉、驢,biao、lv。說句公道話,第二個意思是驢,我中國太太也不知道第一個是什么意思(連谷歌翻譯也不知道!),但發(fā)音并不是ma。
Sometimes, the meaning of a character can be intuitive: 林 means forest. It's simply the short form of tree written twice. Less obvious, but still easy to remember, 男 a male (person). The top is a field, the bottom is strength. True for farmers at least, the man uses his strength in the field. Other times, things aren't as logical.
有時一個字的意思是很直觀的:林意為森林。它只是"木"的兩個簡體字并列。稍微不那么明顯,但仍然容易記住的是男,指男性(人)。上邊是"田",下邊是"力"。對農民來說是真實的,男人在田里用力干活。有時事物并不那么符合邏輯。
There are also 4 tones, which are used in spoken Chinese so that ma doesn't sound like ma or ma or ma. Often times even if you get the pronunciation right, and there's an obvious context to what you're saying, a mistake in tone will make it very difficult for people to understand you. 豬柳 this is zhu liu, 1st tone then 3rd tone. It's what McDonald's in China calls the pork sausage in a sausage mcmuffin, which I was craving one morning. What I said was 豬六 zhu liu, 1st tone then 4th. It means "pig six," which is nonsense and doesn't mean anything. I got a grilled chicken mcmuffin, even though I'd said the pig part right and it's the only thing on the menu made from pork. So tones are pretty important.
漢語還有4種聲調,用于口語中,以便ma不會發(fā)音像ma或ma或ma。有時即使你的發(fā)音是正確的,語境也很明顯,但一個聲調的錯誤就會讓人極難理解你在說什么。豬柳,朱留,第一聲后第三聲。這是中國麥當勞對香腸麥滿分中的豬肉香腸的稱呼,一天早上我正渴望吃這個。但我說成了豬六,朱留,第一聲后第四聲。意思是"豬六",這是無稽之談,沒有任何意義。盡管我把"豬"這部分說對了,而且這也是菜單上唯一一個豬肉產品,但我得到的是一個烤雞麥滿分。所以聲調相當重要。
考慮到聲調如此重要,你可能會感到驚訝的是,漢字本身并沒有任何標記來告訴你讀什么聲調。你只能靠記憶。這基本就是重點所在。當你看到一個漢字時,它不會告訴你意思、拼音發(fā)音或者該用哪個聲調讀它。你可能從你對其他漢字的了解中獲得一些關于讀音或意思的線索,但它們只是線索而已。當你聽到一個漢語單詞時,你只有4種聲調(或者沒有聲調)和語境來區(qū)分它可能有的數(shù)十種不同意義。
要學習漢語,你必須記住:如何讀寫一個字、如何說它、用哪個聲調說它,還有它的意思。一個把漢語作為母語學習的人,他們的大腦就是為了記憶而生的。
使用字母表示單詞發(fā)音的其他語言要直觀得多。例如在英語中,我們只需學習26個字母及它們組合成不同方式時的發(fā)音,理論上我們就能發(fā)音任何看到的單詞。我們之所以沒有發(fā)展出這種記憶力,是因為我們沒有這方面的要求。不過,我們確實學會了字母之間的關系以及它們如何相互影響。
我相信這些差異貫穿了整個學習過程,導致了中國人天生的學習過程更傾向于"是什么",而其他人則會更自然地去追問"為什么和怎么樣"。
這些都是陳詞濫調,從未有過什么好處,但觀察到它們還是很有趣的。中國人常被認為擅長數(shù)學、科學、歷史和彈奏樂器(特別是古典音樂)。這些都是通過記憶和重復練習才能獲得成功的領域。而中國人常被認為很差勁的方面包括開車、學外語、創(chuàng)作原創(chuàng)音樂、發(fā)明創(chuàng)新和打團隊運動。這些都被視為有創(chuàng)意的事物,盡管它們往往可以被認為是理解兩者或多者之間關系的能力。是什么,與怎么做和為什么形成對比。
Chinese is superior at arithmetic, according to study.
Yes, according to certain research. "the Chinese numeral system is relatively straightforward, making at least mathematics very easy to master." Early childhood education researchers have shown that how a language explains numbers may impact how soon youngsters learn add and subtract. Sticks must be properly positioned and crossed in order to multiply using the Chinese Technique, often known as the stick method. Simply arrange the sticks according to the place values of the multiplicands. The sticks' intersections are then counted.
研究顯示,中國人在算術方面確實更勝一籌。
是的,根據某些研究,“中國的數(shù)字系統(tǒng)相對簡單,因此數(shù)學運算很容易掌握。”兒童早期教育研究人員已經表明,一門語言闡釋數(shù)字的方式可能會影響兒童學習加減法的速度。正確放置和交叉擺放小棍,用中國的運算方式就可以進行乘法運算,這個方法通常被稱為棍棒運算法。我們只需根據乘數(shù)的位置值來排列這些小棍,然后統(tǒng)計這些棍子的交叉點數(shù)目。
First of all, I’m a student to Beiing, bdfz(the Chinese abbreviation of my school)
Yes, it is partly true, in big cities like Beiing, Shanghai, students r really good at math, and hard maths problems are used by top mid schools to sext top students.
For myself, in primary school time, I had like about 4 maths classes weekly besides school, parents pay lots of attention to it..
But in other places, children stop school at a very young age(like 14 or 15) for work, they are not good at maths.
首先,我是來自北京bdfz(學校的拼音首字母縮寫)的學生。
是的,這個說法在一定程度上是對的,在北京、上海這樣的大城市,學生的數(shù)學真的學得很不錯,頂尖中學也會用數(shù)學難題來選拔優(yōu)秀的學生。
對我自己而言,小學期間我每周會在校外學習大約4節(jié)數(shù)學課,父母很關注我的數(shù)學學習情況。
但在某些地區(qū),孩子們很小的時候(比如14或15歲)就會輟學,開始打工,他們就不太擅長數(shù)學了。
No. They are far weaker at computer science as well based on small sample of around 30–50 people.
This should be all individual based through not based on particular race.
Main thing I see with Chinese students that is a problem is a brute force attack on a problem with simply trying to memorise stuff that is related. There should be less emphasis on pure memorisation and more emphasis on… why.
This is for college upper level and post grad studies. Everyone that wants to succeed memorises a lot but also balances it with a “why”.
并不是。而且從大約30-50人的小型樣本來分析,他們在計算機科學方面也很弱。
這應該是個體差異,不是某個族群的特征。
我在中國學生身上看到的主要問題是,他們會死記硬背一些相關內容,然后暴力破解某個問題。但我們應該減少單純的記憶,多想想為什么。
這是我想對大學高年級和研究生階段的學習建議。每個想獲得成功的人都會記住很多東西,但也會關注“為什么”。
No for the educated ones who conduct math-dependent jobs, yes for the rest, comparing to the corresponding class in the western world.
The education system of China has a defect that it does not appreciate proof highly enough as it should be, and proof is the key component of higher-level math.
與西方擁有相同學位的人相比,中國人的數(shù)學水平并沒有比從事和數(shù)學相關工作的受過教育的人高,但確實會比剩下的人高。
中國的教育體系存在一個缺陷,即對證明的重視程度不夠,但證明是高等數(shù)學的重要組成部分。
Yes. It’s in their genes. Chinese people are good in Mathematics in the same way as black people are good in sports.
是的。這是他們的優(yōu)勢基因。中國人擅長數(shù)學,就像黑人擅長體育一樣。
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No. In China, there are two people, one is called XUEBA, the other is called XUEZHA. The former always have excellent grades, but the latter only can pray tomorrow there will be a earthquake.
If you think the basic math knowledge like add, substrat,multiply,devide meaning good at maths, then I think yes, we are good at maths.
不。在中國有兩種人,一種是學霸,一種是學渣。學霸總是成績優(yōu)異,而學渣只能祈禱明天會有地震。
如果你認為掌握基礎的數(shù)學知識像加、底、乘、除就意味著擅長數(shù)學,那么我覺得可以這么說,我們確實擅長數(shù)學。
That's for sure
I think it's probably a Chinese talent, not entirely about education.
You will find a common vegetables rural women, even if she is not high culture, but her mental arithmetic level may be more than American College students.
這是肯定的。
我覺得這可能是中國人的天分,并不完全跟教育水平有關。
比如一個在菜市場賣菜的普通農村婦女,就算她沒有很高的文化水平,但她的心算水平有可能比美國大學生還要高。
Not me.
I failed my college entrance math exam.
I like math but I am just very slow and lack of logic when it comes to solving math problem.
I would say Chinese people are a bit better in quick calculation. Practiced that a lot in elementary school.
我就不擅長。
我高考的時候數(shù)學還不及格呢。
我喜歡數(shù)學,但在解決數(shù)學問題時,我的反應很慢,邏輯也很混亂。
我想說中國人在計算速度方面確實很有優(yōu)勢。我們在小學階段就進行了大量訓練。
I’m from China, born and study in China.
When I see this, I was shocked because I don't understand why someone would ask this question. No offence, but this is really easy even for a 7 grade student in China.
it's true that Chinese students are mostly good at math. but the ability is not inborn. We will spend much time on learning math since we are very young.
Of course, we learn math not just because it's useful, we need to learn it well for the College Entrance Examination. The consequence is that many students gave up learning math in college. But still we are capable of solving many math problems.
我來自中國,在中國出生,在中國接受教育。
當我看到這個題目時,我很震驚,因為我想不通為什么有人會把這個題目發(fā)出來。我無意冒犯,但這個題目對中國7年級的學生來說都是小意思了。
沒錯,很多中國學生都很擅長數(shù)學。但這種能力并非與生俱來的。我們從小就花了很多時間來學習數(shù)學。
當然,我們學習數(shù)學不僅僅是因為它有用,我們也是為了高考考出好成績而學。結果,很多學生考入大學后就放棄了數(shù)學學習。但我們還是能夠解出許多數(shù)學題。
Yes.
In fact, the Chinese are religiously obsessed with math.
Back when I was in Secondary School in Australia, we learnt Math that was supposed to be superior compared local schools. The front cover of the book said ‘Advanced Math for Year 10’. A year later when I moved to China for an international IB school, I found that the local schools were studying an advanced version of the advanced version that I was learning back in Australia. Then when I sat in the IB math class, I found that myMath book was again the advanced version of the local advanced version which was the advanced version of the Australian advanced version of Australian local school.
是的。
事實上,中國人非常推崇數(shù)學。
我在澳大利亞上中學的時候,我們學校的數(shù)學水平應該比當?shù)貙W校略好一些。數(shù)學書的封面上寫著“10年級高等數(shù)學”。
一年后,我來到中國就讀國際學校的IB課程,我發(fā)現(xiàn)當?shù)氐膶W校使用的課本是我在澳大利亞的教材的進階版。
當我坐在IB課程的數(shù)學教室里時,我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的數(shù)學課本又是比當?shù)剡M階版教材的更高級版本,是澳大利亞本地學校使用教材的進階版的進階版
I never really liked math, and the reality literally said screw you in front of my face. That sucked!
This is just my personal opinion about learning math, if you like math, don’t take me serious.
更令我震驚的是,所有的中國同學都能拿到85%以上的成績!
我從來都不喜歡數(shù)學,我被現(xiàn)實深深打擊到了。太煩人了!
這只是我個人對數(shù)學學習的一點看法,如果你喜歡數(shù)學,就別把我的話當真哈。
i am Chinese and i was a senor high
and i think i was preety good at math and i was studying Olympic math.
but that doesn't mean that we all good at math
我是中國人,是個高中老師。
我覺得我自己數(shù)學是挺好的,我以前一直在學奧數(shù)。
但這并不意味著我們中國人都擅長數(shù)學
here is some exercise i did……..
這是我做的一些習題........
You want to listen something good I think. But, unfortunately your neighbouring country is doing good in mathematics and even got a nobel prize in mathematics. Guess which neighbor?
我覺得你肯定是想聽點好聽的。但很遺憾,你們的鄰國在數(shù)學方面非常出色,甚至獲得了數(shù)學諾貝爾獎。猜猜看是哪個鄰國呢?
Yes and No.
Chinese are good in counting, like abacus, and all kinds of math tricks, but lack the real “math thinking” in abstractness which is the forté of the French Bourbaki Math. If you name the number of world-class mathematicians by counting the Fields Medals, Wolf, Abel Prizes, the French mathematicians dominate the Math World. However, the Chinese kids beat the French kids in tricky IMO Math by 3 decades of IMO Championships.
The best Math education should combine both the strength of Chinese and French, ie Chinese “Applied” and French “Abstract” pedagogies.
也對,也不對。
中國人擅長計算,比如算盤,各種數(shù)學游戲,但缺乏真正的抽象的“數(shù)學思維”,這就是法國布爾巴基數(shù)學學派的強項。如果只計算菲爾茲獎、沃爾夫獎、阿貝爾獎等世界級數(shù)學家的數(shù)量,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)法國數(shù)學家才是數(shù)學界的霸主。但中國孩子在復雜的國際數(shù)學奧林匹克競賽中擊敗了法國孩子,在冠軍寶座上領先了30年。
最好的數(shù)學教育應該結合中國和法國的優(yōu)勢,即中國的“應用”教學法和法國的“抽象”教學法。
Math teacher in China is a nightmare, almost for everyone, that's why my math is not bad. I think that fits most Chinese students.
You can ask a Chinese student to imagine his or her math teacher, horrible could be used to describe that image and moment.
Just kidding.
幾乎對每個人而言,中國的數(shù)學老師都是上學時的噩夢,這就是我的數(shù)學還算不賴的原因。我認為大多數(shù)中國學生都是如此。
你可以讓一個中國學生回憶一下他或她的數(shù)學老師,大概可以用“可怕”二字來描述老師的形象和場面。
開個玩笑哈。
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Chinese students are pretty good at Math, and in general perform better than Western students.
Because the education system in Asia train their students pretty intensive at Math since a young age. Therefore most of us will outperform the western students when we go study in western schools.
中國學生很擅長數(shù)學,總體上的表現(xiàn)好過西方學生。
因為亞洲的教育體系會從學生很小的時候就對他們進行密集的數(shù)學訓練。所以當我們去西方學校學習時,我們中的大多數(shù)人在數(shù)學學科的表現(xiàn)都會優(yōu)于西方學生的表現(xiàn)。
I guess it’s the result of different education systems.
但涉及到高水平的數(shù)學學習,比如真正抽象的東西,比如需要強烈的想象力或創(chuàng)造力的東西,比如在大學高年級,西方學生就開始趕超許多亞洲學生了。
我想這是不同教育體系造成的結果。
Is it down to the way they are taught in school?
I have seen a variation in the UK and am convinced that some of the poorer performing students could be better if they were taught in a better way.
這取決于他們在學校接受的教育方式嗎?
我在英國看到了這種變化,我相信,如果用更好的方式教育一些表現(xiàn)不佳的學生,他們也會變得更加優(yōu)秀。
Don't judge a student by its contents as there could be plenty of unused space for more use. See the student by their capacity and give the necessary contents to maxmise their use.
如果用一個罐子的容量來形容學生的全部潛力,罐子里裝的是對學生投入的時間和支持的多少,那么對學生投入的越多,你從學生那里得到的就越多(在一定程度上)。
不要根據學生現(xiàn)有的能力來判斷一個學生,因為他們可能擁有很多尚未開發(fā)的潛力。我們要關注學生的能力,給予必要的教導,最大限度地挖掘他們的潛力。