印度網(wǎng)友：不要老想著和中國比了，我最近去了趟雅加達(dá)，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施之先進(jìn)讓我大吃一驚，也許我們應(yīng)該先趕上印尼。
Why is India falling behind?
譯文簡介
我最近去了趟雅加達(dá)，他們的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施之先進(jìn)讓我大吃一驚。
正文翻譯
Why is India falling behind?
印度為何落后？
印度為何落后？
評論翻譯
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Someone in Jakarta suggested I visit Manila in the Philippines, which is also quite similar. At first, I didn’t believe it, but after watching some videos online, it looks like Manila might be even better. You can see for yourself by searching "Driving in Jakarta" or "Driving in Manila" on YouTube.
I’m wondering why Indian cities are so far behind. Even Mumbai doesn’t compare well. The only time I feel Mumbai is world-class is when I'm on the sea lix and see the skyline. But once I step into land, it feels old and messy.
Why isn’t the government doing more to improve our cities? Do we not care about making our lives better? Or are we just convinced we’re already doing well and don’t need to improve further?
我最近去了趟雅加達(dá)，他們的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施之先進(jìn)讓我大吃一驚。我認(rèn)為印度沒有哪個城市能達(dá)到這樣的水平。我們老是說要追趕中國，但也許我們應(yīng)該首先努力趕上印尼。
雅加達(dá)有人建議我去菲律賓的馬尼拉看看，那里也很相似。起初，我并不相信，但在網(wǎng)上看了一些視頻后，我覺得馬尼拉可能更棒。你可以在 YouTube 上搜索 “雅加達(dá)自駕游”或“馬尼拉自駕游”來一探究竟。
我很奇怪為什么印度的城市會落后這么多。就連孟買也比不上。我唯一一次覺得孟買是世界級的，是當(dāng)我在海邊看到天際線的時候。但是，一旦我踏上陸地，就會覺得它又老又亂。
為什么政府不采取更多措施來改善我們的城市？難道我們不關(guān)心如何讓我們的生活更美好嗎？還是我們只是認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)做得很好，不需要進(jìn)一步改善？
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Improving cities requires good old urban planning, civic engineering and maintainability, none of which mints as much money as new buildings, new highways.
改善城市需要良好的城市規(guī)劃、市政工程和可維護(hù)性，而這些都沒有新建筑和新高速公路那么賺錢。
And maintainability also require some civic sense from public which is wuite uncommon in india
可維護(hù)性還需要公眾具有一定的公民意識，這在印度并不常見
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Nothing to maintain. Potholes from day one. Newly built bridges collapsing. The issue is Indians are too corrupt and don’t have any morals.
無需維護(hù)。路從建好的第一天起就坑坑洼洼。新建的橋梁不斷倒塌。問題在于印度人太腐敗，沒有道德。
The construction of British-era structures in Mumbai differs significantly from modern buildings
孟買在英國時代的建筑與現(xiàn)代建筑大相徑庭
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British structures had to be strong because they were built with the purpose of transporting resources out of the country as much as possible.
英國的建筑必須堅固，因為建造這些建筑的目的是盡可能多地將資源運出國外。
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British structures are strong because they wanted it to be strong. When they built it they built it for their own good. Our contractors don't build it for the people. They build it to make money. And more than 50% of project cost goes to politicians and officials for passing the tender and the bill. So contractor has to take his margin from what is left so he cannot use quality/adequate materials for building.
英國的建筑之所以堅固，是因為他們希望它堅固。他們建造建筑是為了他們自己的利益。我們的承包商不是為了人民而建。他們建造是為了賺錢。超過 50%的工程造價都要交給政客和官員，以通過招標(biāo)和賬單。因此，承包商必須從剩下的工程款中提取利潤，這樣他就無法使用優(yōu)質(zhì)/適當(dāng)?shù)牟牧线M(jìn)行施工。
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our citizens are corrupt too
我們的公民也腐敗
Corruption and indifference is a big issue in India. Newly built infrastructure falling apart, leaking or collapsing is a norm in India. Structures built by ancient builders last longer than ones built by modern builders.
腐敗和冷漠是印度的一個大問題。新建的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施分崩離析、漏水或坍塌在印度司空見慣。古代建筑工人建造的建筑比現(xiàn)代建筑工人建造的建筑壽命更長。
I'm not sure if that is the problem
After minting so many civil engineers,(10x more than the demand),there must be some of them that are good. Maybe the same can be said for urban planning.
I didn't take civil,but I graduated from a normal local engg college,while most civil engg guys had no interest in it, there certainly were few that knew their stuff.
If you included all the college's from India , I don't think lack of good man power is that much of a problem here - at least when you compare it to other 3rd world countries (Yeah of course we'll be worse than US or China)
I think it's the beaurocracy and corruption, basically
When every project to build a rail or expand the road is put up it's met by protests of how it's crossing on some sacred tree of xxx tribe and they have to change the whole project.You think a country like China would allow this to hamper their plans
Not to mention after a project does get commissioned,half of the funding is lost through corruption,meaning the people actually doing the project have to cut corners like hell.
我不確定這是否是問題所在
我們培養(yǎng)了這么多土木工程師（比需求量多 10 倍），其中肯定有一些是好手。也許城市規(guī)劃也是如此。
我沒有學(xué)過土木工程，但我畢業(yè)于當(dāng)?shù)匾凰胀ǖ墓こ虒W(xué)院，雖然大多數(shù)土木工程專業(yè)的學(xué)生都對土木工程不感興趣，但懂行的人肯定不在少數(shù)。
如果你把印度所有的大學(xué)都算在內(nèi)，我不認(rèn)為缺乏優(yōu)秀人才是個大問題--至少與其他第三世界國家相比是這樣（當(dāng)然，我們會比美國或中國差）。
我認(rèn)為主要是官僚主義和腐敗。
每當(dāng)提出修建鐵路或擴(kuò)建公路的項目時，都會遭到抗議，說這穿過了 XXX 部落的神樹，他們不得不改變整個項目。
更不用說在項目投入建造后，一半的資金會因腐敗而流失，這意味著實際操作項目的人不得不拼命偷工減料。
Because we have a superiority complex we cannot get rid of. To do better, you need to admit first that you have a problem. We rank below average on almost every important index, be it gender inequality or hunger, yet we've the attitude and arrogance of the rich hot girl who tops the college and is an all rounder in co curricular activities too.
因為我們有一種無法擺脫的優(yōu)越感。要想做得更好，首先要承認(rèn)自己有問題。我們幾乎在所有重要指標(biāo)上都低于平均水平，無論是性別不平等還是饑餓問題，但我們的態(tài)度和傲慢卻不亞于那些在大學(xué)里成績名列前茅、在課外活動中也是全能選手的富家辣妹。
I am a double majors in Human Psychology and Psychiatry. There is no such concept or syndrome of “superiority complex”.
The correct term is “inferiority complex”. Due to humans thinking they are inferior to other humans and not equal to them, they have to “show off” as “superior”.
The caste system, systemic inequalities and racism lead to “inferiority complex” which then lead to that group of people to show off.
A similar example is African Americans and their flashy jewellery and cars in rap songs.
So in short India has an “inferiority complex” issue due to which we have to show off we are better than the other due to which our shortcomings go in the blind spot. From here on it’s a vicious circle.
The root cause of corruption is also this. Because people associate being superior with Wealth and to achieve Wealth fast they will obtain it with ill-gotten and illegal means.
Any references of “superiority complex” online or otherwise are wrong.
I am happy to be corrected if you feel what I said here is wrong
我主修人類心理學(xué)和精神病學(xué)兩個專業(yè)。沒有“優(yōu)越感”這個概念或綜合癥。
正確的說法是“自卑情結(jié)”。由于一些人認(rèn)為自己不如其他人，與他們不平等，所以他們必須“炫耀”自己“高人一等”。
種姓制度、系統(tǒng)性不平等和種族主義導(dǎo)致了“自卑情結(jié)”，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致這群人炫耀自己。
類似的例子還有非裔美國人和他們在說唱歌曲中炫耀珠寶和豪車。
因此，簡而言之，印度有一個“自卑情結(jié)”問題，由于這個問題，我們必須炫耀自己比別人強(qiáng)，而我們的缺點卻成了盲點。從此，這成為了一個惡性循環(huán)。
腐敗的根源也在于此。因為人們將優(yōu)越感與財富聯(lián)系在一起，為了快速獲得財富，他們會通過不正當(dāng)?shù)姆欠ㄊ侄潍@取財富。
在網(wǎng)上或其他地方提到的“優(yōu)越感”都是錯誤的。
如果你認(rèn)為我在這里所說的是錯誤的，我很樂意接受指正。
I think it's apathy for broken things. It's a common global interpretation of India by critical thinkers.
我認(rèn)為這是對不好的事情的冷漠。這是全球批判性思想家對印度的普遍解讀。
That’s a good observation you make. Let’s unpack this though. The apathy is not for broken things it’s a general apathy. Apathy means a lack of interest. Why would someone show a lack of interest / concern to other people or things ?
They will show a lack of interest if they perceive other humans as lesser beings to themselves which stems from “inferiority complex”
The systematic inequalities from centuries is the root cause of this inferiority complex.
We are being handed generation over generation that a sweeper’s / cleaner’s work is the lowest work, no one should do it. We look down at them. Even if they live in a shanty town we just drive by. We think they deserve this.
As soon as we start viewing everyone as equal, all this goes away. The root cause is inferiority complex arising out of centuries of inequality.
The only solution - revamp the education system start imbibing these values from school.
However at some stage the revamp is impossible because we ourselves don’t want the sweepers to eat at the same table as us..
In short the country is already past the point of no return unless a top to bottom revolution happens!
你的看法不錯。不過，讓我們來分析一下。冷漠不是對不好的事情的冷漠，而是一種普遍的冷漠。冷漠意味著缺乏興趣。為什么一個人會對其他人或事物缺乏興趣/關(guān)注呢？
如果他們認(rèn)為其他人不如自己，他們就會表現(xiàn)出缺乏興趣，這源于“自卑感”。
幾個世紀(jì)以來的系統(tǒng)性不平等是這種自卑感的根源。
一代又一代的人告訴我們，清潔工的工作是最低賤的工作，沒有人應(yīng)該去做。我們看不起他們。即使他們住在棚戶區(qū)，我們也只是開車路過。我們認(rèn)為這是他們應(yīng)得的。
只要我們開始平等地看待每一個人，這一切都會消失。根本原因是幾個世紀(jì)的不平等造成的自卑心理。
唯一的解決辦法就是改革教育系統(tǒng)，從學(xué)校開始灌輸這些價值觀。
然而，在某些階段，改革是不可能的，因為我們自己也不希望掃地的人和我們同桌吃飯。
總之，除非從上到下進(jìn)行一場革命，否則這個國家已經(jīng)到了無法挽回的地步！
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I think these complexes are relative rather than absolute. Indians feel inferior to most other nationals and at the same time have that superior feeling when it comes to other Indians.
We go to Canada and fight with other Indians who reside in Canada. We dont fight the actual Canadians. We go to Australia and beat up other Indians and Pakistanis. Not Australians.
And on an additional note. Weather plays a big role. If you look at most developed countries (which are not oil made) has a comparably cooler to warm. India is like a giant microwave oven. It affects people's mood, life and even health. There are scientific studies which says that anything above 30 degree is not really a comfortable environment for productivity.
我認(rèn)為這些情結(jié)是相對的，而不是絕對的。印度人覺得自己不如大多數(shù)其他國家的國民，但同時在面對其他印度人時又有優(yōu)越感。
我們?nèi)ゼ幽么螅c居住在加拿大的其他印度人打仗。我們不和真正的加拿大人打架。我們?nèi)グ拇罄麃喆蚱渌《热撕桶突固谷?。而不是澳大利亞人?br /> 還有一點。天氣起了很大作用。如果你看看大多數(shù)發(fā)達(dá)國家（不是石油制造的國家），它們的氣候從涼爽到溫暖都很均衡。印度就像一個巨大的微波爐。它影響著人們的心情、生活甚至健康。有科學(xué)研究表明，超過 30 度的溫度對工作效率來說并不是一個真正舒適的環(huán)境。
This is the biggest problem, especially in the past 10 or so years. Indians now think they are the best while we remain shockingly behind in almost every field. There is no desire to change or improve. If I tell anyone how X or Y os better in Germany, they will start putting down Germany instead of actually looking at the information.
這是最大的問題，尤其是在過去 10 多年里。印度人現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為他們是最棒的，而我們幾乎在每個領(lǐng)域都落后得令人震驚。我們沒有改變或改進(jìn)的意愿。如果我告訴別人德國的 X 或 Y 如何做得更好，他們就會開始貶低德國，而不是真正去了解這些信息。
even Cambodia which is supposed to be a "poor" country looks much better with better driving sense and cleaner.
即使是柬埔寨這個被認(rèn)為是“貧窮”的國家也看起來好多了，駕駛的感覺更好，更干凈。
5-10% yoy inflation. Do you see the public infrastructure improving by that much yoy?
Ambani adani soon to be among the top 3 richest people. Has your earning grown manifold in these years like their earnings?
Tax income for the government is the highest ever. Do you see any amenities trickle down?
All the growth you have seen in recent years is due to increased consumption and cheap overworked labour like gig workers. Public is a commodity in India, not a beneficiary and never will be.
年通脹率為 5-10%。你認(rèn)為公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施會有這么大的改善嗎？
安巴尼-阿達(dá)尼即將躋身最富有的前三名。這些年你的收入是否也像他們一樣成倍增長？
政府的稅收收入是印度有史以來最高的。你能看到任何便利設(shè)施的涓滴效應(yīng)嗎？
你近年來看到的所有增長都是由于消費增長和像“臨時工”這樣過度勞累的廉價勞動力造成的。在印度，公眾是一種商品，而不是受益者，而且永遠(yuǎn)不會是。
The point regarding Ambani and Adani's wealth growth to ours is really interesting. Never thought about it that way. It’s also crazy to think about how people will celebrate their rise to the top of the wealth list, while not seeing their own wealth increase in years.
安巴尼和阿達(dá)尼的財富增長與我們的財富增長相比，這一點真的很有趣。我從來沒有這樣想過。想想人們是如何慶祝他們躍居財富榜首，而自己的財富卻多年未見增長的，這也太瘋狂了。
Corruption.
Most of our people are scammers, cheaters and money grubbers. It's encouraged a lot in society. Do not expect the judiciary, bureaucrats and government to be any different from the people.
腐敗。
我們的大多數(shù)人都是騙子、欺詐犯和拜金主義者。這在社會上大行其道。不要指望司法部門、官僚和政府會與人民有什么不同。
Southeast asean countries have much better city infra as compared to indian cities. Dont just think about china which we cant even match them.
與印度城市相比，東南亞國家的城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施都要好得多。不要只想著中國了，我們甚至不配跟他們一桌。
The municipal corporation in India is there for corruption only. They know how to fill their pockets with the funds they receive. On the contrary, look at Aerocity and Cyber City in Gurgaon, these are not built and maintained by the municipal corporation and hence are first-world infrastructure. Even If there is corruption in privatization, they are still better at doing the job than government entities.
Government bodies such as Municipalities are filled with mediocre people, with less to no skills. They know how to take bribes and do nothing.
No politician ( Modi or Rahul Gandhi) cares about such things. They crave power and do religion, caste, etc. for their vote banks. All their policies are for politics and how to win the next term. If there is a rape in the country, the first thing Congress/bjp will look at is which state, then done by which religion, then caste, then if the rapist is one of their workers or not.
We need a visionary leader who won't care about winning the next term. Alone visionary leaders won't help we also need most of his/her ministers in the cabinet to be aware of the ground reality. Sadly INDIA hasn't produced a single LEE KUAN YEW.
印度的市政公司只為腐敗而存在。他們知道如何用收到的資金填滿自己的腰包。相反，看看古爾岡的航空城和數(shù)碼城，這些都不是市政公司建造和維護(hù)的，因此是第一世界的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。即使在私有化過程中存在腐敗問題，它們?nèi)匀槐日畽C(jī)構(gòu)更能勝任工作。
市政府等政府機(jī)構(gòu)中充斥著平庸之輩，他們幾乎沒有任何技能。他們只知道收受賄賂，卻什么也不做。
沒有哪個政治家（莫迪或拉胡爾·甘地）關(guān)心這些事情。他們渴望權(quán)力，為了選票而玩弄宗教、種姓等。他們的所有政策都是為了政治和如何贏得下一個任期。如果國家發(fā)生強(qiáng)奸案，國大黨/人民黨首先關(guān)注的是哪個州，然后是哪個宗教，再然后是種姓，最后是強(qiáng)奸犯是否是他們的工作人員之一。
我們需要一個有遠(yuǎn)見的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，他不會在意贏得下一個任期。僅僅有遠(yuǎn)見的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者是不夠的，我們還需要他/她的內(nèi)閣中大多數(shù)部長了解現(xiàn)實情況?？杀氖?，印度沒有培養(yǎng)出一個李光耀。
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This is the biggest mistake we Indians are doing collectively. Instead of taking matters into our own hands and doing something together, we always look for a "Messiah" to come up and change everything from scratch. We do not need a "Leader" who will come and will improve each and everything for the nation, it's just a fantasy sold to us via the entertainment world.
這是我們印度人共同犯下的最大錯誤。我們總是期待一個“救世主”出現(xiàn)，從頭開始改變印度的一切，而不是自己采取行動，共同做點什么。我們并不需要一個“領(lǐng)袖”來改善國家的每一件事，這只是娛樂世界向我們出售的幻想。
Many say that we can't expect saviours, India is a democracy.
But the reality is that democracy of India has been taken away by religious people on the streets.
All they care about is free gifts and more beautiful temples.
They have the numbers.
That's how democracy works.
You cannt change them.
很多人說，我們不能指望救世主，印度是一個民主國家。
但現(xiàn)實是，印度的民主已經(jīng)被街頭的宗教人士奪走。
他們只關(guān)心免費的禮物和更多漂亮的寺廟。
他們有人數(shù)優(yōu)勢
這就是民主的運作方式。
你無法改變他們。
Cyber city in Gurgaon is a 125 acres business complex. It’s literally a mall expanded horizontally. It’s not a city it’s barely a bloc.
Step 50 meters outside cyber ‘city’ and you will see the lack of planning in roads, traffic and parking.
“賽博城市”古爾岡是一個占地 125 英畝的商業(yè)綜合體。它實際上是一個橫向擴(kuò)展的購物中心。它不是一個城市，幾乎只能算是一個街區(qū)。
走出這個“賽博城市”50米，你會看到道路、交通和停車方面多么缺乏規(guī)劃。
I felt the same way after a trip to Vietnam. Our main problem is that we have accepted many problems as being unsolvable.
去越南旅行后我也有同樣的感覺。我們的主要問題是我們已經(jīng)接受了許多問題是無法解決的。
Same feeling driving around Thailand. Fucking cleaner than I expected. Thailand respects its tourist spots and it's national treasures. Has great infrastructure even outside Bangkok. I drove over 1000kms and honestly faced maybe 2km of bad stretch of roads and maybe 5 potholes in 7 days of driving.
在泰國開車也有同樣的感覺。比我想象的要干凈得多。泰國尊重其旅游景點和國寶。即使在曼谷以外的地方，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施也非常完善。我開車行駛了 1000 多公里，說實話，在 7 天的駕駛中，我只遇到了 2 公里的爛路和 5 個坑。
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I visited Delhi a week ago and hands down its the ugliest city I have ever been to.
If the national capital is like this, we really have a long way to make any meaningful progress.
一周前我去了趟德里，毫無疑問這是我去過的最丑陋的城市。
如果國家首都都是這樣的話，我們要取得任何有意義的進(jìn)展，真的還有很長的路要走。
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