日本老年人如何看待日本的人口危機(jī)？
How Do Japanese Elders See Japan’s Population Crisis? | Street Interview
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網(wǎng)友：哦，天哪。我一直看到最后。那位老先生說，我們都應(yīng)該繼續(xù)向前走，像家庭生活一樣去冒險(xiǎn)——因?yàn)檫@些事情定義了我們的生活。聽到這些真是深刻而有意義。我已婚，還有一個(gè)女兒。我們計(jì)劃要第二個(gè)孩子。養(yǎng)孩子是一場(chǎng)情感的旋風(fēng)，但當(dāng)我看到女兒笑著學(xué)習(xí)生活時(shí)，焦慮和壓力就消失了。
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"Is declining birthrates a problem?"
"Yes."
"How many siblings did you have?"
"6-8."
"How many kids do you have?"
"0-2."
"How should we deal with the birthrate?"
"Young people should have more kids."
The lack of self awareness is staggering. They should all know that it's not that easy, because they clearly had the same issues themselves, except things are worse now.
“出生率下降是個(gè)問題嗎？”
“是的?！?br /> “你有多少兄弟姐妹？”
“6-8個(gè)。”
“你有多少孩子？”
“0-2個(gè)。”
“我們應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)出生率問題？”
“年輕人應(yīng)該多生孩子。”
這種缺乏自我意識(shí)令人震驚。他們應(yīng)該知道這并不容易，因?yàn)樗麄冿@然也面臨相同的問題，只是現(xiàn)在情況更糟。
Oh man. I watched this to the end. The old man saying that we should all keep moving forward and have adventures like family life - because these things define our lives. That was very profound and meaningful to hear. I'm married and we have a daughter. We plan for child no. 2. It is whirlwind of emotions having a child but anxiety and stress fade away when I see my daughter laugh and learning about life.
哦，天哪。我一直看到最后。那位老先生說，我們都應(yīng)該繼續(xù)向前走，像家庭生活一樣去冒險(xiǎn)——因?yàn)檫@些事情定義了我們的生活。聽到這些真是深刻而有意義。我已婚，還有一個(gè)女兒。我們計(jì)劃要第二個(gè)孩子。養(yǎng)孩子是一場(chǎng)情感的旋風(fēng)，但當(dāng)我看到女兒笑著學(xué)習(xí)生活時(shí)，焦慮和壓力就消失了。
As someone who is also from a larger family, 5 kids, I echo what that one gentleman said about the benefits of growing up in a group. You learn to advocate for yourself and others, you learn how to work cooperatively with others in stressful situations, you learn how to argue your points effectively, you learn how to stay humble too
作為一個(gè)來自大家庭的人，有五個(gè)孩子，我非常贊同那位先生所說的在集體中成長的好處。你學(xué)會(huì)為自己和他人發(fā)聲，學(xué)會(huì)在壓力情況下與他人合作，學(xué)會(huì)有效地表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，也學(xué)會(huì)保持謙遜。
When I was young I tried working and could not believe how brutal the workplace was. I realized at a very young age that I would be in no position to ever raise a child. I watched my parents life as well. I could see that it was hell for them. In middle age I was able to support a partner, a wife. That was enough for me. I would not want to be young these days.
我年輕的時(shí)候嘗試過工作，簡直不敢相信職場(chǎng)是如此殘酷。我很小就意識(shí)到自己根本沒有能力養(yǎng)活孩子。我也觀察過我父母的生活，看到他們的生活有多么艱辛。在中年時(shí)，我能養(yǎng)活一個(gè)伴侶，一個(gè)妻子。對(duì)我來說，這已經(jīng)足夠了。我不想在這樣的時(shí)代做年輕人。
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I wish all these thoughtful seniors well. Live long and prosper.
我祝愿所有這些深思熟慮的長者一切順利。愿他們長壽繁榮。
The man talking about smartphones making us dumber and unquestioning was right to point out that it would be labeled as a conspiracy theory. But there are many of us that would swipe away and not engage with subjects that appear challenging or boring.
那位談?wù)撝悄苁謾C(jī)讓我們變得愚蠢和不質(zhì)疑的男人指出，這會(huì)被標(biāo)記為陰謀論，但我們中有很多人會(huì)選擇滑掉，不去參與那些看起來具有挑戰(zhàn)性或乏味的話題。
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Very insightful video! I appreciate the openness of all the participants as well as the interviewers ability to ask good questions and make them feel comfortable. A lot of this information and 'food for thought' could be applied to other countries and cultures as well.
這段視頻很有見地！我欣賞所有參與者的開放態(tài)度，以及采訪者提出好問題并讓他們感到舒適的能力。這些信息和“思考材料”也可以應(yīng)用于其他國家和文化。
I'm in my 20's but i don't know if i'll opt to having kids. I feel like people shouldn't just have kids because it's "fun" as i'm hearing in this video. I would want to be in a position to provide 'my kids' with a really comfortable lifestyle, nothing too extravagant but well-balanced and short of struggle.
我現(xiàn)在20多歲，但不確定是否會(huì)選擇生孩子。我覺得人們不應(yīng)該只是因?yàn)椤坝腥ぁ倍⒆樱拖裨谶@個(gè)視頻中聽到的那樣。我希望能在一個(gè)能夠?yàn)椤拔业暮⒆印碧峁┱嬲孢m生活的情況下，生活不需要過于奢華，但要平衡且少一些掙扎。
Japan is not the only country on population decline. The top 10 countries experiencing significant decreases in birth rates are:
Bulgaria - Expected to decline by 22.5% from 2020 to 2050.
Lithuania - Projected to shrink by 22.1% over the next three decades.
Latvia - Expected to lose 21.6% of its population between 2020 and 2050.
Ukraine - Anticipated to drop by 19.5% from 2020 to 2050.
Serbia - Forecasted to decline by about 18.9%.
Bosnia and Herzegovina - Projected to decrease by 18.2%.
Croatia - Expected to shrink by 18.0%.
Moldova - Anticipated to decline by 16.7%.
Japan - Projected to lose 16.3% of its population between 2020 and 2050.
Albania - Expected to decrease by 15.8% over the next 30 years
日本并不是唯一一個(gè)面臨人口下降的國家。出生率顯著下降的前十個(gè)國家是：
保加利亞 - 預(yù)計(jì)從2020到2050將下降22.5%。
立陶宛 - 預(yù)計(jì)在未來三十年內(nèi)減少22.1%。
拉脫維亞 - 預(yù)計(jì)在2020到2050年間失去21.6%的人口。
烏克蘭 - 預(yù)計(jì)從2020到2050年將下降19.5%。
塞爾維亞 - 預(yù)計(jì)下降約18.9%。
波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那 - 預(yù)計(jì)減少18.2%。
克羅地亞 - 預(yù)計(jì)縮減18.0%。
摩爾多瓦 - 預(yù)計(jì)下降16.7%。
日本 - 預(yù)計(jì)在2020到2050年間失去16.3%的人口。
阿爾巴尼亞 - 預(yù)計(jì)在未來30年內(nèi)減少15.8%。
I lived in Japan for 10 years from 1997 and the population problem was already obvious. I asked people what Japan would do about it. They usually just said they never thought about it, but anyone who had an opinion would say "money" and/or "robots." If I suggested immigration, they looked at me like I was from another planet. 25 years later, the problem has only gotten worse. I love Japan and the Japanese, but their "kick the can down the road" skills are beyond next level. Now there's no more road.
我在日本生活了10年，從1997年開始，人口問題已經(jīng)很明顯。我問人們?nèi)毡緯?huì)怎么解決這個(gè)問題，他們通常只是說從來沒有考慮過，但任何有意見的人都會(huì)提到“錢”和/或“機(jī)器人”。如果我提到移民，他們看我的眼神就像我是外星人。25年后，這個(gè)問題只變得更嚴(yán)重。我愛日本和日本人，但他們的“推遲處理問題”能力真的是超乎想象?，F(xiàn)在根本沒有路可走了。
I think its financal at the heart of the problem. When you have a good job and can still barely afford rent & food...it makes you think twice about your ability to financally take on the responsibility of children.
I love how that lady in white with the dog said..oh they should just have kids early, not even thinking about the younger generations financal status.
我認(rèn)為這個(gè)問題的核心是經(jīng)濟(jì)。當(dāng)你有一份不錯(cuò)的工作，卻仍然勉強(qiáng)負(fù)擔(dān)得起房租和食物時(shí)，它會(huì)讓你重新考慮你是否有能力在經(jīng)濟(jì)上承擔(dān)撫養(yǎng)孩子的責(zé)任。我喜歡那個(gè)穿白衣服帶著狗的女士所說的，她居然認(rèn)為大家應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)生孩子，完全沒有考慮到年輕一代的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。
Aww they're so proud of their kids and grandchildren. I especially like how animated the middle child gentleman with the bald head is - good points
哦，他們對(duì)自己的孩子和孫子孫女感到如此自豪。我特別喜歡那個(gè)光頭的中間孩子，他說話時(shí)非常生動(dòng)——觀點(diǎn)很不錯(cuò)。
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The issue is that older people ruined the prospects of us in the younger generation.
The OG generation there were so many siblings, 5-8 siblings were normal!
Then the next generation gets 1-2 kids.
Now our generation hardly have kids at all.
問題在于，老一輩毀掉了我們年輕一代的前景。老一輩通常有很多兄弟姐妹，5-8個(gè)兄弟姐妹是很正常的！然后下一代只有1-2個(gè)孩子?，F(xiàn)在我們這一代幾乎不生孩子了。
I am a plumber, im 28 years old. I cannot fuckin afford to buy an apartment or house in the city before im close to 39-40 years old! It is that bad.
How the hell am I or anyone else supposed to support a family when we cannot buy a roof over our heads?
為什么？因?yàn)殡m然工資隨著每一代人慢慢上漲，但生活成本卻增加了十倍！以前，一個(gè)卡車司機(jī)和一個(gè)家庭主婦可以養(yǎng)活整個(gè)家庭，還能負(fù)擔(dān)多輛汽車等等。那時(shí)候，卡車運(yùn)輸?shù)墓べY并沒有那么高。
我是一名28歲的水管工。我根本無法在城市里買得起公寓或房子，要到39-40歲才行！情況真的很糟糕。我們?cè)趺纯赡苤С忠粋€(gè)家庭，當(dāng)我們連自己的房頂都買不起？
Great video! Just a quick note regarding the term "siblings". In English, when you mention how many siblings you have, you don't include yourself in that count, while in Japanese, 兄弟 does include you as well. In other words, 8人兄弟 means 7 siblings.
很棒的視頻！我想補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)關(guān)于“兄弟姐妹”這個(gè)詞的說明。在英語中，當(dāng)你提到自己有多少個(gè)兄弟姐妹時(shí)，是不包括你自己的，而在日語中，兄弟是包括自己的。換句話說，8人兄弟意味著有7個(gè)兄弟姐妹。
In Canada, we are heavily taxed. It is said that our taxes are now higher than the cost of housing and food combined.
The cost of having children has gotten to the point that it lowers your lifestyle, savings, the ability to work for a woman and retirement savings.
If you bring a child into this world you owe that child everything you can do for him or her. The child didn't ask to be born.
Having children is a costly endeavor. It's no wonder the birth rate is falling in Canada and we have to depend on immigration, migration, refugees, migrant workers and temporary workers.
在加拿大，我們的稅負(fù)非常高。據(jù)說我們的稅收現(xiàn)在超過了住房和食物的總成本。
養(yǎng)孩子的費(fèi)用已經(jīng)高到降低生活水平、儲(chǔ)蓄能力以及女性的工作機(jī)會(huì)和退休儲(chǔ)蓄的地步。
如果你把一個(gè)孩子帶到這個(gè)世界上，你就欠這個(gè)孩子你能為他或她做的一切。孩子并沒有要求出生。
養(yǎng)孩子是一項(xiàng)昂貴的事業(yè)。難怪加拿大的出生率正在下降，我們不得不依賴移民、遷移、難民、臨時(shí)工和季節(jié)性工人。
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I am still childfree mindset. Everyone can have different perspective about life. Life is about doing what is right for you not others. Don't follow others' rules . Make your own rules and apply it wisely.
我仍然保持無子女的心態(tài)。每個(gè)人對(duì)生活都有不同的看法。生活就是要做對(duì)自己正確的事，而不是迎合他人。不要遵循他人的規(guī)則。制定自己的規(guī)則，并明智地應(yīng)用它們。
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Oh look, if it isn't the generation that's made it difficult to have kids demanding people have kids.
哦，看，難道不是讓生育變得困難的一代人在要求別人去生孩子嗎？
The problem is that many old people have this expectation that their children will take care of them no matter what. But that's a mindset that formed at a time where everyone worked pretty much until the day they died, and the average life expectancy was like 60 at most.
Of course it's all collapsing. These people are like 80-90 years old. The problem isn't declining birthrates. It's that they failed to adapt their financials to their lifespans. And instead of taking responsibility for their own failure, they dump the problem on their children and give a speech about "respecting your elders."
問題在于，許多老年人有這樣的期望：他們的孩子無論如何都要照顧他們。但這種心態(tài)是在每個(gè)人幾乎工作到死的時(shí)代形成的，那時(shí)的平均壽命最多也就60歲。
當(dāng)然，一切都在崩潰。這些人大多數(shù)已八九十歲。問題不在于出生率下降，而在于他們未能將財(cái)務(wù)適應(yīng)自己的壽命。然后，他們不愿為自己的失敗負(fù)責(zé)，把問題拋給了自己的孩子，還給出一番“尊重長輩”的演講。
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People have more and more to lose when having babies as their life is getting better and better. That's why the birth rate is dropping in EVERY rich country. The key point to promote the birth rate is to make the process of giving birth and raising kids less painful and exhausting for parents, especially women.
人們?cè)谏⒆訒r(shí)面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越來越大，因?yàn)樗麄兊纳钤絹碓胶?。這就是為什么每個(gè)富裕國家的出生率都在下降。促進(jìn)出生率的關(guān)鍵是讓生育和養(yǎng)育孩子的過程對(duì)父母，尤其是女性來說，變得不那么痛苦和疲憊。
It’s heartwarming to hear what these men and women are sharing here! I hope they do communicate with their loved, younger ones, sharing their insights and feelings with their loved (younger) ones. I also hope young men and women will take into consideration what their elders have to share. I believe Japan will navigate this population challenge well.
聽到這些男女在這里分享的故事真令人感動(dòng)！我希望他們能與年輕人交流，分享他們的見解和感受。我也希望年輕人能考慮長輩們所分享的內(nèi)容。我相信日本會(huì)很好地應(yīng)對(duì)這個(gè)人口挑戰(zhàn)。
a time when population keep going up and will reached a time when it will start falling then it will reached an equilibrium level. The problem here now is the damages/consequences it will caused when the population start falling before reaching equilibrium.
人口持續(xù)增長的時(shí)期將會(huì)出現(xiàn)，隨后會(huì)開始下降，最終達(dá)到一個(gè)均衡水平。現(xiàn)在的問題是，在達(dá)到均衡之前，人口開始下降會(huì)造成什么損害和后果。
The last guy - being young should mean listening to adults advice halfway and ignoring it halfway . I like that
最后那位年輕人應(yīng)該在聽取成年人建議時(shí)，半信半疑，這樣我喜歡。
30year old male single here. Every time I see my housekeeper ask me for CA (Cash Advance) so she can supplement her sister's tuition fees (She has 3 siblings and one son), I always think what would happen to my financial situation if I ever get married. Sure, I have money now to live comfortably. But what happens when I have kids? I'm not planning on having only one. I'm an only child and it sucks. So it's either I have 3 children or none.
By the way I'm Filipino and this problem is also now creeping on our society, aside from the mass migration to western countries.
30歲的單身男性在這里。每次看到我的保潔員向我請(qǐng)求現(xiàn)金預(yù)支（CA），以補(bǔ)貼她妹妹的學(xué)費(fèi)（她有三個(gè)兄弟姐妹和一個(gè)兒子），我總是在想如果我結(jié)婚，我的財(cái)務(wù)狀況會(huì)怎樣?，F(xiàn)在我有錢可以過得舒適，但當(dāng)我有孩子時(shí)會(huì)怎樣？我不打算只要一個(gè)。我是獨(dú)生子女，這很糟糕。所以我只能選擇要三個(gè)孩子或者不生。
順便提一下，我是菲律賓人，這個(gè)問題現(xiàn)在也在我們社會(huì)中蔓延，除了大規(guī)模移民到西方國家之外。
I see the future generations can’t do anything right. I’m a 25 year old young man who just started studying anti aging. My job is to make people to become young again besides a celebrity. We should stick to our own kind and focus on changing the future. If the rude young people are increasing, the whole world would be in danger by now.
我看到未來的年輕一代什么都做不好。我是一個(gè)剛開始學(xué)習(xí)抗衰老的25歲年輕人。我的工作是讓人們恢復(fù)年輕，除了名人之外。我們應(yīng)該團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，專注于改變未來。如果無禮的年輕人越來越多，整個(gè)世界現(xiàn)在就會(huì)處于危險(xiǎn)之中。
A country that has 4-doubled its population in 150 years is not in crisis. There are limits to how many people the land can feed. We have to adapt - again.
一個(gè)在150年內(nèi)人口增加了四倍的國家并不處于危機(jī)中。土地能養(yǎng)活的人數(shù)是有限的。我們必須再次適應(yīng)。
Why do people assume that a population should continuously expand and never contract? A healthy population reaches an equilibrium with its environment wherein the population fluxes upward and downward in a continuous alternating succession. The number of people should go up and then down and then up and then down, always staying within a healthy range. But a part of this process is that the population goes down routinely without the whole of society degenerating into a panicked state.
為什么人們認(rèn)為人口應(yīng)該不斷擴(kuò)張而從不收縮？健康的人口與其環(huán)境達(dá)到一種平衡，人口在持續(xù)交替的過程中上下波動(dòng)。人數(shù)應(yīng)該上升，然后下降，然后再上升，再下降，始終保持在一個(gè)健康的范圍內(nèi)。但這個(gè)過程的一部分是，人口會(huì)定期減少，而整個(gè)社會(huì)不會(huì)陷入恐慌狀態(tài)。
I understand what she's saying here 3:00 but that's like treating the symptoms when perhaps you should treat the disease. Something is making the young people react this way. Nothing happens for no reason. Find the problem and fix it.
我理解她在3:00說的意思，但這就像是在治療癥狀，而不是治療病因。年輕人之所以這樣反應(yīng)是有原因的。任何事情的發(fā)生都有其原因。找出問題并解決它。
Inflation affects people's future lives, if you save money and it duates you're in a worst position than those who spent right away, this damages long term planning.
通貨膨脹影響人們的未來生活，如果你存錢而它貶值，你的處境比那些立即花錢的人要糟糕，這會(huì)損害長期規(guī)劃。
There is one glaring factor that affects the birth rate of any country; education level and career opportunity for women. Plain and simple.
影響任何國家出生率的一個(gè)明顯因素是女性的教育水平和職業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。很簡單。
Japan needs to address the societal and structural issues that led to the demographic collapse. Remedies like immigration, pro-natalist policies, etc are all good to certain extents but they are all ultimately temporary. In order to address the root issue, material conditions must improve for all Japanese, in order for them to even consider having children. I think degrowth is the most realistic pathway given the stagnant economy and concerns over the environment/climate. With degrowth, we could also see a sustained de-urbanization process, allowing for birthrates to naturally rise again. I think the old man at 1:55 is correct in that it's more of a cycle with periods of birth rates declining and then going up again.
日本需要解決導(dǎo)致人口崩潰的社會(huì)和結(jié)構(gòu)性問題。移民、促進(jìn)生育的政策等都是好的，但最終都是暫時(shí)的。為了從根本上解決這個(gè)問題，所有日本人的物質(zhì)條件必須改善，才能考慮生孩子。我認(rèn)為減增長是面對(duì)停滯經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境/氣候擔(dān)憂的最現(xiàn)實(shí)途徑。通過減增長，我們也可以看到一種持續(xù)的去城市化過程，從而使出生率自然回升。我認(rèn)為1:55的老人的觀點(diǎn)是正確的，這更多的是一個(gè)周期，出生率會(huì)經(jīng)歷下降然后再上升的過程。
It's going to happpen everywhere. Even in some regions in Brazil for example there's a birth declining rate, imagine in developed countries like Japan, US, Canada etc.
這將會(huì)在各地發(fā)生。例如，巴西的一些地區(qū)出生率也在下降，想想發(fā)達(dá)國家如日本、美國、加拿大等。
Seems like the old people themselves say they had 1-2 kids. Even 2 is not enough to stay at the same total population! Lacking self-awareness. Though of course, this is the truth. The birth rates have been going down for a long, long time. Steadily to the point where we are today. Not just Japan, most of the world.
似乎老年人自己說他們只生了1-2個(gè)孩子。但即使是2個(gè)孩子也不足以維持總?cè)丝?！缺乏自我意識(shí)。當(dāng)然，這也是事實(shí)。出生率已經(jīng)下降很久了，穩(wěn)步下降到今天的程度。不僅僅是日本，全球大部分地區(qū)都是如此。
I'm American, and though I probably won't have a large family, I still hope to have children in the near future. I still have to find meet the right man and marry lol.
我是美國人，雖然我可能不會(huì)有一個(gè)大家庭，但我仍然希望不久的將來能夠有孩子。我還得找到合適的男人結(jié)婚，哈哈。
In fact, Japan's land area is relatively large compared to the rest of the world, being larger than the United Kingdom and Germany. However, 70% of Japan's land is covered by forests, leaving only 30% as habitable area. Japan is already overpopulated.
事實(shí)上，日本的土地面積相對(duì)較大，比英國和德國還要大。然而，70%的土地被森林覆蓋，只有30%是適宜居住的區(qū)域。日本已經(jīng)過度擁擠了。
And it's not just about not 'wanting' kids, infertility is rising massively in the 1st world countries. You either have people who don't want kids or people who want them and can't have them. It's so frustrating. All I'd want is to have a normal family life like my parents had, finally having a child with my husband who I love.
It amazes me how some insurances and companies pay for abortions but nobody wants to pay for infertility treatments.
這不僅僅是因?yàn)椤安幌胍焙⒆樱l(fā)達(dá)國家的不孕癥正在大幅上升。要么是那些不想要孩子的人，要么是那些想要但無法生育的人。這真的讓人感到沮喪。我只想要像我父母那樣的正常家庭生活，終于和我愛的人有個(gè)孩子。讓我驚訝的是，一些保險(xiǎn)公司和企業(yè)愿意支付墮胎費(fèi)用，但沒人愿意支付不孕癥治療費(fèi)用。
If the elderly want new taxpayers to pay their pensions they need to vote and change society to support young people’s careers, home life and families.
如果老年人希望新納稅人為他們的養(yǎng)老金買單，他們需要投票并改變社會(huì)，以支持年輕人的職業(yè)、生涯和家庭生活。
Japan needs to start an A-hole tourist tax/fine system. That will take care of aging pop benefits
日本需要開始征收一種針對(duì)不文明游客的稅/罰款制度。這將有助于解決老齡人口的福利問題。
I think Japan needs a very dynamic change in their working culture, and allow more people to work from home, allow more foreign investment. It's 22nd century now.
我認(rèn)為日本需要在工作文化上進(jìn)行非常動(dòng)態(tài)的變化，允許更多人遠(yuǎn)程工作，允許更多外資投資?，F(xiàn)在是22世紀(jì)了。