我的中國朋友和印度朋友對很多領(lǐng)域都有相當(dāng)深入的了解，而我的美國朋友和歐洲朋友往往對某一領(lǐng)域有很深的了解，但對其他領(lǐng)域卻一無所知。這種差異從何而來？
My Chinese and Indian friends have quite a good understanding of many fields, while my American and European friends often have extensive knowledge of one field but completely lack knowledge of others. Where does this difference come from?
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美知乎討論東西方差異...
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The reason is that American and European thinking is too single-minded. The culture of most Abrahamic monotheism countries is like this: one is one and two is two.
China has an essentially hybrid view of the world, yin and yang. Unlike the Western tradition, which majors on singularity, Chinese thinking values plurality. In this, it also differs profoundly from the Soviet tradition, which had a Manichean and monolithic view of the world.
Chinese people often say: put youself in someone else's shoes / 換位思考.
In China, a diverse and inclusive culture, everyone has multiple systems of thinking, including Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, modern science, and various religions, and has absorbed many foreign cultures.
The Chinese mythological system is a vast mythological system that combines the ideas of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. Chinese Buddhism is not Indian Buddhism either, it has been localized. Ti...an Buddhism is closer to Indian Buddhism.
Compared with other cultures in the world, the Chinese have the most complex thinking and are the most philosophical.
For example, in the recent hit Black Myth: Wukong, Lingji Bodhisattva is a Buddhist god.
原因就在于美國和歐洲人的思維太單一，亞伯拉罕一神教國家的文化大多是這樣的：一是一，二是二。
中國的世界觀本質(zhì)上是陰陽混合，不同于西方傳統(tǒng)的單一性，中國思維重視多元性，這一點(diǎn)也和蘇聯(lián)傳統(tǒng)的摩尼教式的一元化世界觀有很大區(qū)別。
中國人常說：把你自己放在別人的位置上/換位思考。
但歐美人只站在一個角度思考：自己的角度。
在中國這樣一個多元包容的文化里，每個人都有多種思維體系，有儒教、佛教、道教、現(xiàn)代科學(xué)、各種宗教，也吸收了很多外來文化。
中國神話體系是一個綜合了佛、道、儒思想的龐大神話體系。中國佛教也不是印度佛教，是經(jīng)過本土化的。藏傳佛教更接近印度佛教。
和世界上其他文化相比，中華民族的思維最復(fù)雜，最富于哲學(xué)思想。
比如最近火爆的《黑神話：悟空》里的靈極菩薩就是佛教的神。
Erlang Shen, the Four Heavenly Kings are Taoist gods.
Their boss is called the Jade Emperor, yes, a Confucian deity. He was a mortal and was known as ‘Zhang Bai Ren’ because he was compassionate and forgiving, with a big heart and a mind that could accommodate all rivers in the sea. He ascended to become the Jade Emperor.
They all appear in the same story of Journey to the West. The three major religions are integrated without excluding each other or accusing each other of being pagans.
There is also this Zhong Kui, Chinese people often hang the statue of Zhong Kui to ward off evil spirits and get rid of disasters, he was originally a scholar in the Tang Dynasty, because of his ugly appearance, Tang Xuanzong did not employ him as an official, so Zhong Kui died in a fit of pique by banging his head against the steps of the palace. Tang Xuanzong felt regret, so he started to let Wu Daozi, a famous painter at that time, to draw Zhong Kui's appearance according to his descxtion, and made Zhong Kui a god.
二郎神，四大天王都是道教的神仙。
他們的老大叫玉皇大帝，對，就是儒家的神仙。他本是凡人，因慈悲寬容，心胸寬廣，胸懷大海，所以被稱為‘張百忍’。后來他飛升成為玉皇大帝。
他們都出現(xiàn)在同一個西游記故事里。三大宗教融合，互不排斥，也不指責(zé)對方是異教徒。
還有這個鐘馗，中國人經(jīng)常懸掛鐘馗的畫像來避邪消災(zāi)，他原本是唐朝的一個文人，因?yàn)橄嗝渤舐?，唐玄宗沒有任用他做官，鐘馗一氣之下，頭撞在宮殿臺階上而死。唐玄宗心里感到后悔，便開始讓當(dāng)時的著名畫家吳道子按照自己的描繪，把鐘馗的相貌畫下來，并封其為神。
吃飯喝酒 · Aug 25
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yh i like sanxing deities and erlang
我想看到以二郎神或三星神(福祿壽三神)的主角的單機(jī)游戲在中國制作并像黑神話悟空一樣在世界范圍內(nèi)傳播。
是的，我喜歡三星神和二郎神。
The Yellow Wind Sage boss holding Buddha head is based on British people aka yellow haired rat that stole the Buddha head and keep them in British museum
手持佛頭的黃風(fēng)大圣是以英國人又名黃毛鼠為原型的，他們偷走了佛頭并將其保存在大英博物館。
The Chinese approach to learning will be more beneficial in the long run for comprehensive development. Similar to how our Homo Sapiens ancestors learned a lot of things to survive in harsh natural environments, such as knowledge of leaves that can heal wounds and detoxify, making tools, creating fire, etc.
Actually, having a deep understanding of a certain field is not really necessary, unless you want to become an expert or researcher to make money or satisfy your passion from that field.
But there is a problem that the amount of knowledge that Chinese students absorb is very much more than that of Western countries that are used to leisurely learning. Knowledge is only a part of Western education, other criteria such as comfort and personal experience are also considered.
In fact, most of them consider the Chinese learning method to be toxic.
If the Chinese model were applied to the curriculum in other countries, many people would probably go crazy. With complaints from students and parents, it is likely that schools will only require students to choose a few of them, inadvertently returning to the original Western-style deep learning approach.
But with the recent involvement of artificial intelligence, things are becoming uncertain.
從長遠(yuǎn)來看，中國的學(xué)習(xí)方式更有利于全面發(fā)展。就像我們的智人祖先在惡劣的自然環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)了很多東西以求生存一樣，比如分辨哪些葉子可以治愈傷口和解毒，制造工具，生火等等。
其實(shí)，對某個領(lǐng)域有深入的了解并不是必要的，除非你想成為專家或研究員來賺錢或滿足自己對這個領(lǐng)域的熱情。
但有一個問題，中國學(xué)生吸收的知識量比習(xí)慣于悠閑學(xué)習(xí)的西方國家的學(xué)生多得多。學(xué)習(xí)知識只是西方教育的一部分，舒適度和個人體驗(yàn)等其他標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也被考慮在內(nèi)。
事實(shí)上，他們中的大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為中國的學(xué)習(xí)方法是有毒的。
如果把中國模式應(yīng)用到其他國家的課程中，很多人可能會發(fā)瘋。在學(xué)生和家長的抱怨下，學(xué)校很可能只會要求學(xué)生選擇其中的幾個，不經(jīng)意間又回到了原來西式的那種深度學(xué)習(xí)方式。
但隨著最近人工智能的介入，事情變得不確定了。
Do Er Lang Shen is Yang Qian??? The top opponent of Wu Kong??
二郎神是楊戩嗎？悟空的頭號對手？？
Yes. Er Lang Shen is Yang Jian. Yang Jian's mother was the sister of the Jade Emperor. She married a mortal man named Yang and gave birth to Yang Jian, her only son. The Jade Emperor was very angry and pressed his sister under the Peach Mountain. Later, Yang Jian used a huge axe to split the Peach Mountain and rescued his mother.
是的。二郎神就是楊戩。楊戩的母親是玉皇大帝的妹妹，她嫁給了一個姓楊的凡人，生下了她唯一的兒子楊戩。玉皇大帝非常生氣，把他的妹妹壓在桃山下。后來，楊戩用一把巨大的斧頭劈開了桃山，救出了他的母親。
You said, “The Chinese mythological system is a vast mythological system that combines the ideas of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism…
Compared with other cultures in the world, the Chinese have the most complex thinking and are the most philosophical.”
Yes, during the Boxer Rebellion, the Chinese Boxers believed that they could render their bodies impervious to bullets. Their method consisted of 100 straight days of physical exercises and spiritual incantations, after which an inductee was considered pure enough to resist foreign rifles. And then a final ceremony would supposedly make them bulletproof forever.
However, as the Eight-Nation Alliance of foreign powers fired upon them, the Boxers fell one by one.
你說，“中國神話體系是一個龐大的神話體系，融合了佛教、道教和儒教的思想...與世界上其他文化相比，中國文化的思維最復(fù)雜，哲學(xué)思想也最豐富?！?br /> 是的，義和團(tuán)運(yùn)動期間，中國義和團(tuán)相信他們能使自己的身體不被子彈打傷。他們的方法是連續(xù)100天進(jìn)行身體鍛煉和精神咒語練習(xí)，之后，受訓(xùn)者被認(rèn)為足夠純潔，可以抵御外國步槍。然后，據(jù)說最后的儀式會讓他們永遠(yuǎn)刀槍不入。
然而，隨著八國聯(lián)軍的開火，義和團(tuán)成員一個接一個地倒下了。
Exactly. So now anyone who brings up boxer method is utterly ridiculed in China. Now it's about how many rockets and bullets I can produce and rain down on you.
When one method is proven useless, it's time to use another diametrically opposite method. When previously to kill your enemies you have to see the whites of their eyes, today I will kill you from 2000 km away.
沒錯。所以現(xiàn)在任何提起拳擊方法的人在中國都會被徹底嘲笑?，F(xiàn)在的問題是我能制造出多少導(dǎo)彈和子彈向你射擊。
當(dāng)一種方法被證明是無用的，就該使用另一種截然相反的方法了。以前要?dú)⑺滥愕臄橙四惚仨氂醚劬吹剿麄儾趴梢裕裉煳铱梢詮?000公里外殺死你。
Yes, Chinese are the most inclusive: they are both com...sts and capitalists! They don’t like the wealthy but love money !!!
是的，中國人最包容：他們既是GCZY者，又是資本家！他們不喜歡有錢人，但愛錢！??！
Nari Kei(秋霞)· Aug 25
當(dāng)錢集中起來就一文不值，只有用起來才有價值。守財奴一文不值。我們不是資本家。我們創(chuàng)造財富，然后把它用在人們身上。
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D said “doesn’t matter it’s a black or white cat, it’s a good cat if it can catch a rat”. Chinese are very practical. We don’t rely on god or blame god. We just find our own way.
鄧說：“不管黑貓白貓，能抓到老鼠就是好貓?！敝袊撕軇?wù)實(shí)。我們不依賴上帝，也不埋怨上帝。我們只走自己的路。
In China and India, education is a top priority for one’s children. In America, the conservative faction regards education as less important, and some states are phasing out Liberal Arts studies. Liberal Arts educational requirements are what give students a well-rounded education on topics they might never consider learning. The emphasis of the conservative faction is on workforce development rather than higher education. Especially contentious of late is the tolerance of free speech and the exchange of diverse opinions on college campuses. Without an exchange of diverse opinions, it is difficult for a student to get a well-rounded view of issues and history.
在中國和印度，子女的教育都是頭等大事。在美國，保守派認(rèn)為教育不那么重要，一些州正在逐步取消文科教育。文科教育要求為學(xué)生提供全面的教育，涵蓋他們可能永遠(yuǎn)不會考慮的學(xué)習(xí)的目的。保守派的重點(diǎn)是勞動力發(fā)展，而不是高等教育。最近尤其有爭議的是大學(xué)校園對言論自由和不同意見交流的容忍度。如果沒有不同意見的交流，學(xué)生很難全面了解問題和歷史。
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Jeffery it's good post- difference of opinions are healthy - the problem is they don't accept another's opinions- anger is destroying the world
Jeffery的帖子寫得很好——有意見分歧是健康的——問題是他們不接受別人的意見——憤怒正在摧毀世界。
Over-specialization and general lack of curiosity in what they believe to be unrelated fields.
西方的思維過度專業(yè)化，并且對他們認(rèn)為不相關(guān)的領(lǐng)域普遍缺乏好奇心。
what i have observed is chines and indian have verbal knowledge of a subject just like japanese do with no f=ing skill in the subject.
in other words they talk a good game.
but suck at the practicum.
so what you can solve a math problem of how many teeth to cut into a gear, now how about you take that piece of bronze stock and this lathe and cut the gear.
I get asian students all the time who know everything there is to know about a subject intellectually and have no skill development at all.
its becoming more prent here in the US; people who can talk the talk and cannot walk the walk.
the diffrence comes from the belief that you know a subject, because you read about the subject. the US is currently specializing too much producing idiot savants but there is still a focus on skill development, while asia has a wider focus on “knowledge base” without any skills development.
and since i am betting you are calling a disembodied text on the net “friends” i can also pretty securely bet that the “friends” you are speaking to have never produced physical obxts with all that deep wide knowledge.
give an asian student a paper test they do brilliantly, hand them a stack of wood, a saw, and a sewing needle and they are a train wreck.
我觀察到，中國人和印度人可能對某一主題有口頭上的知識了解，就像日本人一樣，但沒有任何該主題的技能。
換句話說，他們說得一手好話，但實(shí)踐卻很糟糕。
所以，如果你能解決一個齒輪要切多少齒的數(shù)學(xué)問題，那么現(xiàn)在你拿著那塊青銅原料和這臺車床來切齒輪時你該怎么辦呢？
我經(jīng)常遇到亞洲學(xué)生，他們在智力上對某一主題了如指掌，但沒有任何技能發(fā)展。
這種現(xiàn)象在美國越來越普遍；人們只會說，卻不會做。
不同之處在于，人們相信你了解某一主題，因?yàn)槟阕x過該主題。美國目前過于專注于培養(yǎng)白癡學(xué)者，但仍然注重技能發(fā)展，而亞洲則更注重“知識基礎(chǔ)”，而沒有任何技能發(fā)展。
既然我敢打賭你把網(wǎng)上的無實(shí)體文本稱為“朋友”，那么我也可以相當(dāng)肯定地打賭，你所說的“朋友”從來沒有創(chuàng)造出擁有如此淵博知識的實(shí)物。
給亞洲學(xué)生一份紙質(zhì)試卷他們會做得非常出色，但給他們一堆木頭、一把鋸子和一根縫紉針，他們就會變得一團(tuán)糟。