QA問答：大多數(shù)美國人犯了哪些財務錯誤？

What are some financial mistakes the majority of Americans make?

2025-05-27 道骨仙風 3221 9 2 收藏糾錯&舉報

譯文簡介

網(wǎng)友：成年后沒有被告知信用的重要性，結(jié)果在18歲后立刻毀掉了它。雖然我已經(jīng)把它修復到了‘一般’水平，但還是……真希望我早一點知道這些。

正文翻譯

What are some financial mistakes the majority of Americans make?

大多數(shù)美國人犯了哪些財務錯誤？

評論翻譯

Colette Marie
Not being taught how important credit is as an adult, and ruining it straight away after I turned 18. I have fixed it up to fair, but still… I wish I had known earlier in life.

成年后沒有被告知信用的重要性，結(jié)果在18歲后立刻毀掉了它。雖然我已經(jīng)把它修復到了‘一般’水平，但還是……真希望我早一點知道這些。

This goes hand in hand with my statement above - letting other adults (ie boyfriends/girlfriends) putting utilities, loans, vehicles, etc in your name. This is 75% of the reason my credit has been a mess until recently. Unless you’re married and KNOW with every inch of your soul that you’re going to grow old and die with this person, DO NOT use your name and SSN for ANYTHING, unless it is for yourself!

這與我之前的聲明密切相關——讓其他成年人（如男朋友/女朋友）將公用事業(yè)、貸款、車輛等放在你的名下。這就是為什么直到最近我的信用一直很糟糕的75%的原因。除非你結(jié)婚了，并且從靈魂深處確信你將與這個人一起變老并死去，否則不要為任何事情使用你的名字和社會安全號碼，除非是為了你自己！

Taking out the max amount for student loans. It was not necessary and now I am stuck with it ruining my credit along with ridiculous interest rates… for a degree that I was coerced into by the college staff, which I have not utilized in 7 years.

借了最高額度的學生貸款。這本來是不必要的，現(xiàn)在我卻被它困住了，它毀了我的信用，還有荒謬的利率……為了一個我被大學工作人員強迫去讀的學位，而我已經(jīng)7年沒有使用過這個學位了。

Not saving any money. I have never been able to save because no one taught me the importance of saving and investing. Saving money is good and all… but it does no good to put it in an envelope and stash it. Saved money needs to be generating more money… be it interest, or investments/assets.

沒有存下任何錢。我從未能夠存錢，因為沒有人教過我儲蓄和投資的重要性。存錢是好事……但把錢放在信封里藏起來并沒有好處。儲蓄的錢需要產(chǎn)生更多的錢……無論是利息，還是投資或資產(chǎn)。

Paying to live somewhere that you’ll never own… ie RENT. I realize not everyone can buy right now, but… rent until you fix your credit and finances, lower your DTI, and BUY. I’m even saying this as a property manager… so many people are stuck in that vicious cycle because they didn’t know any better about the things I mentioned above.

支付住在你永遠不會擁有的地方的費用…即租金。我意識到不是每個人現(xiàn)在都能買房，但是…在修復你的信用和財務狀況、降低你的債務收入比之前先租房，然后買房。我甚至作為一位物業(yè)經(jīng)理這么說…很多人因為不了解我上面提到的那些事情而陷入那個惡性循環(huán)。

A mortgage payment is lower than rent, and it’s actually going towards something that is YOURS. If I stated how much money we make in a MONTH off of rental income alone, I could almost guarantee no one would believe me. I’ll give you a hint… it would take some people 2 YEARS to make that amount of money.

房貸還款比租金低，而且實際上是在為你自己的東西付款。如果我告訴你我們僅靠租金收入一個月能賺多少錢，我?guī)缀蹩梢员ＷC沒人會相信。給你一個提示……有些人需要兩年時間才能賺到那么多錢。

Don’t loan out any money unless you’re in a position to do so, and don’t loan it out if you expect it back.

除非你有能力借錢出去，否則不要借錢，而且如果你期望能收回這筆錢，也不要借出去。

DO NOT enable grown children by contributing to their bills and food and such. I’m going through this with my almost 18 year old. She chose to leave home, it’s time for her to face the real world. She asks me for money (and DoorDash) a few times a week, along with all of our family members. I’ve told them all the situation and they have stopped. I don’t want her to be out here hungry… but we have a house full of food and she knows she can bring her butt HOME. If I were to contribute, all it shows her is that she can freeload and not earn her own money, and she will take full advantage.

不要通過為成年子女支付賬單和食物等費用來縱容他們。我正在和我快18歲的女兒經(jīng)歷這種情況。她選擇離開家，是時候讓她面對現(xiàn)實世界了。她每周會向我要幾次錢（還有DoorDash），也向所有家庭成員要。我已經(jīng)告訴他們情況，他們都停止了。我不想讓她在外面挨餓……但我們家里有充足的食物，她知道她可以回家。如果我資助她，只會讓她覺得她可以白吃白喝而不需要自己賺錢，她會充分利用這一點。

If you have kids… start them off on the right path so they don’t have to learn it the hard way themselves. Make them authorized users on your credit cards, but don’t let them have access. Doing this will increase their credit scores… but don't screw up or it’ll lower their scores. As they get older and self-sufficient (teens), don’t fork over your money for luxuries - let them EARN or pay for it themselves. They won’t understand the value of things if everything is handed to them… they won’t appreciate it and they’ll take full advantage by asking for more. DO NOT waste your hard earned money on things they did not earn! If they live with you from 18+, make them pay some rent and bills. You don’t have to actually use it for that - if my daughter comes home when she’s 18, she will be contributing financially. My plan is to keep everything she pays into her savings account, and she’ll have a nice little nest egg saved up when she moves out to be on her own.

如果你有孩子…讓他們一開始就走上正確的道路，這樣他們就不必自己艱難地學習。讓他們成為你信用卡的授權用戶，但不要讓他們使用。這樣做會提高他們的信用評分…但不要搞砸了，否則會降低他們的評分。隨著他們長大并能夠自立（青少年時期），不要為他們提供奢侈品的錢——讓他們自己賺或支付。如果一切都交給他們，他們不會理解事物的價值…他們不會珍惜，并且會充分利用這一點，要求更多。不要把你辛苦賺來的錢浪費在他們沒有賺到的東西上！如果他們18歲以后還和你住在一起，讓他們支付一些房租和賬單。你實際上不必將其用于這些用途——如果我女兒18歲回家，她將做出經(jīng)濟貢獻。我的計劃是將她支付的所有錢存入她的儲蓄賬戶，當她搬出去獨立生活時，她將有一筆不錯的儲蓄。

This is all stuff I wish I’d known, instead of learning it all the hard way on my own.

這些都是我希望自己早已知曉的事情，而不是通過艱難的方式獨自學習。

Yaozhou
From a Chinese perspective, the U.S. has the best investment markets and the highest wages in the world.

從中國的角度來看，美國擁有世界上最好的投資市場和最高的工資。
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The only real problem is the high cost of living—things like high property taxes, HOA fees, sky-high housing prices and rents, expensive insurance, and the exaggerated tipping culture.

唯一真正的問題是高昂的生活成本——比如高額的房產(chǎn)稅、業(yè)主協(xié)會費用、天價的房價和租金、昂貴的保險以及夸張的小費文化。

Even parking on the street isn't safe. To live in a safe neighborhood, you have to pay higher housing prices.

即使在街上停車也不安全。要住在安全的社區(qū)，你必須支付更高的房價。
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These are not personal finance issues, but policy problems.

這些不是個人財務問題，而是政策問題。
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Dan Caugherty
A few I can think of..

我能想到一些...

Getting tax refunds, spending tax refunds, treating tax refunds as free money. You overpaid the IRS, true. But you also gave them a zero-interest loan over the course of the past tax year. Adjust your withholding amount and keep your money in the first place!

獲得退稅，花掉退稅，把退稅當作免費的錢。你確實向國稅局多付了錢。但你也給了他們一個在過去一個納稅年度內(nèi)的零息貸款。調(diào)整你的預扣金額，一開始就留住你的錢！

Following stock tips. Investing with no due diligence into a company’s performance is not investing, it’s gambling. You need to roll up your sleeves and examine the data: income statements, cash flow, price-to-earnings ratio, comparing similar firms in the same sector, and so on. Yes, there’s always risk. (And you should accept extra risk only through compensation from higher returns.) But every publicly traded corporation or mutual fund is required to supply you with accurate information - it’s not a crapshoot.

盲目跟隨股票建議進行投資，而不對公司業(yè)績進行盡職調(diào)查，這不是投資，而是賭博。你需要卷起袖子，仔細研究數(shù)據(jù)：包括損益表、現(xiàn)金流、市盈率，以及比較同行業(yè)中類似公司等等。是的，投資總是存在風險。（而且你應該只在通過更高回報獲得補償?shù)那闆r下接受額外的風險。）但每一家上市公司或共同基金都必須向你提供準確的信息——這不是一場擲骰子的游戲。

Speaking of gambling: don’t play the lottery. Especially anything with odds as astronomical as Powerball. The lottery is a tax on people who never got math.

說到賭博：不要買彩票。尤其是像強力球這樣中獎幾率極低的彩票。彩票是對那些不懂數(shù)學的人征收的稅。

Not paying off credit cards religiously, every month. It’s called “credit” because it’s a loan, people. And it’s short-term credit, so the interest rates will be sky high. In private, credit card companies call people who never carry a balance “deadbeats”. Be a deadbeat.

不要每個月都虔誠地還清信用卡。它被稱為“信用”是因為它是一種貸款，人們。而且它是短期信用，所以利率會非常高。私下里，信用卡公司稱那些從不欠款的人為“賴賬者”。做個賴賬者吧。

Going into debt to buy a car. Say no to car loans. A new car depreciates as soon as you drive it off the lot, and the trajectory of that decline in value resembles that of a falling safe. I’ll admit it, I had to do it once, only because I was just starting in the workforce and needed the wheels. But I made damn sure I paid that thing off well ahead of schedule. And I started saving and investing for the next car right then, and kept doing so. I paid for every single vehicle I ever owned afterwards upfront, in cash.

為了買車而負債。對汽車貸款說不。新車一旦你開走，它的價值就會立即貶值，而且價值下降的軌跡就像墜落的保險箱一樣。我承認，我曾經(jīng)不得不這樣做，只是因為我剛開始工作，需要一輛車。但我確保我提前還清了貸款。然后我開始為下一輛車儲蓄和投資，并一直這樣做。之后我購買的每一輛車都是用現(xiàn)金一次性付清的。

Amy Winn VOTE BLUE
Using credit cards that they don't understand the terms of. Buying what they want instead of what they need. Buying more house than necessary, not realizing what it costs to maintain a large home. Going to restaurants instead of cooking at home. Thinking they need designer clothing. Buying the latest tech gadgets, which are quickly obsolete. Buying a car that's more than they can afford. Not having any money put aside for emergency. Not planning ahead for retirement. Failing to make a clear budget and stick to it. Screwing up their bank account because they don't keep track of their money and end up with massive fees and penalties. Taking payday loans or title loans which have usurious fees.

使用他們不了解條款的信用卡。購買他們想要的而不是他們需要的。購買超出必要的大房子，沒有意識到維護大房子的成本。去餐館而不是在家做飯。認為他們需要設計師服裝。購買很快過時的最新科技產(chǎn)品。購買超出他們負擔能力的汽車。沒有為緊急情況存錢。沒有提前為退休做計劃。未能制定明確的預算并堅持執(zhí)行。搞砸他們的銀行賬戶，因為他們不跟蹤他們的錢，最終導致巨額費用和罰款。接受高利貸的工資日貸款或汽車產(chǎn)權貸款。

We need to teach our children financially responsibility. We need to teach them how banks work, how credit works, how to read the terms of a financial contract, how to budget and how to save. I've seen hundreds of questions on this website from absolute financial illiterates. We have to do better.

我們需要教導我們的孩子財務責任。我們需要教他們銀行如何運作，信用如何運作，如何閱讀金融合同的條款，如何預算以及如何儲蓄。我在此網(wǎng)站上看到了數(shù)百個來自完全財務文盲的問題。我們必須做得更好。

Phillip Goodrich
Along with many of the excellent answers provided (since I didn’t see, and perhaps overlooked this one, from my childhood which apparently persists), I would add, “Placing long-term savings in a savings account.”

除了許多優(yōu)秀的回答之外（因為我可能沒有看到，或者忽略了這個從我童年時期就一直存在的觀點），我想補充一點：“將長期儲蓄存入儲蓄賬戶?！?/b>

My first bank account, at age 11 as a newspaper delivery specialist (ahem, “paper boy”) was a savings account at a savings-and-loan. I got a nifty account book, along with a metal bank for specie, that could be brought to the bank when full, for further deposit into the savings account. And every time I checked, yep, the money was still there! It never depleted, why should it? The bank had spent it long ago in financing a loan, and simply carried the paper balance. And my meager 2- or 3- figure account, if called, certainly wouldn’t have created a “bank run.” So I was happy; the bank was happy.

我的第一個銀行賬戶是在11歲時作為報紙投遞員（咳咳，“報童”）在儲蓄貸款銀行開設的儲蓄賬戶。我得到了一個漂亮的賬戶本，以及一個金屬儲蓄罐，當儲蓄罐裝滿時，可以帶到銀行進一步存入儲蓄賬戶。每次我查看時，錢確實還在那里！它從未減少，為什么要減少呢？銀行早就用這筆錢來發(fā)放貸款了，只是保留了賬面余額。而我那微不足道的兩位數(shù)或三位數(shù)的賬戶，即使被提取，也肯定不會引發(fā)“銀行擠兌”。所以我很高興；銀行也很高興。
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That loan provided an APR gain of 4% at the time. This would just about keep up with inflation. And that was all. So, 40 years later, it would still be the same amount, corrected for inflation. It never earned a penny, while the same funds, invested in a mutual fund, would now be worth approximately $4 million.

當時那筆貸款提供了4%的年化收益率。這幾乎能跟上通貨膨脹。僅此而已。因此，40年后，經(jīng)過通貨膨脹調(diào)整后，金額仍然相同。它從未賺到一分錢，而同樣的資金如果投資于共同基金，現(xiàn)在將價值約400萬美元。

Rob S
The single biggest mistake most Americans make is that regardless of income, when it comes to big ticket items such as houses and cars, they buy the most expensive thing they can afford.

大多數(shù)美國人犯的最大錯誤是，無論收入如何，在購買房屋和汽車等大件物品時，他們總是買自己能負擔得起的最貴的東西。

The thought process goes something like this; They need/want a new car. So they go to the bank and find out how big a loan they can get, and then they spend that much.

他們的思考過程大致是這樣的：他們需要/想要一輛新車。于是他們?nèi)ャy行了解他們能獲得多大額度的貸款，然后他們就花那么多錢。

It doesn’t matter if they earn $20K a year or $200K a year. Between home and cars they spend all their money. This approach guarantees they spend all their money, because if they make more, then they just buy more expensive things to match (and consume) that new income.

無論他們每年賺2萬美元還是20萬美元，他們在房子和汽車上花光了所有的錢。這種方法確保他們花光所有的錢，因為如果他們賺得更多，他們就會買更貴的東西來匹配（并消耗）那部分新增收入。

Sure they may have a 401k, or some other specific “savings”, but at the end of the day after they have set aside whatever they save (if they save) they spend all the rest.

當然，他們可能有401k計劃或其他特定的“儲蓄”，但歸根結(jié)底，在他們留出他們儲蓄的部分（如果有儲蓄的話）之后，他們會花掉剩下的所有錢。

And while having a nice house and a nice car is nice, they won’t know the satisfaction of simply buying what they need and having the extra money just building up, so that if something new comes along be it an emergency, a career setback, or just something fun and exciting that they can do it without thinking about how to scrape up the money.

雖然擁有一棟漂亮的房子和一輛好車是件好事，但他們不會體驗到僅僅購買所需之物并將多余的錢積攢起來的滿足感，這樣，如果出現(xiàn)新情況，無論是緊急情況、職業(yè)挫折，還是一些有趣和令人興奮的事情，他們都可以毫不猶豫地去做，而不用考慮如何湊錢。

If you have a $50K car and you enjoy it, and then you get a raise, there is no reason to automatically buy a $75K car next time.

如果你有一輛價值5萬美元的車并且你很享受它，然后你得到了加薪，那么下次沒有理由自動去買一輛價值7.5萬美元的車。

Randal Anthony
Three mistakes stand out: 1) living beyond ones income, although that is easier said than done in a society that does not provide decent wages for many in a hyper consumerist society with business developing millions of ways to get you to buy what you may want but wont really need or use; 2) focusing on getting max returns in the stock market when a steady save as you go mentality works just fine as long as you invest in matters that reliably pay more than inflation like US Treasury I-bonds; and 3) not having a pension or 401k or similar building up through time, again easier said than done given the caveats in #1.

三個突出的錯誤包括：1) 入不敷出，盡管在一個不為許多人提供體面工資的超級消費主義社會中，企業(yè)開發(fā)了無數(shù)種方法讓你購買你可能想要但并非真正需要或使用的東西，這說起來容易做起來難；2) 專注于在股市中獲得最大回報，而實際上只要投資于那些可靠地支付超過通貨膨脹的資產(chǎn)，如美國國債I型債券，穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打的心態(tài)就足夠了；3) 沒有隨著時間的推移建立養(yǎng)老金或401k或類似的儲蓄，再次鑒于第1點中的注意事項，這說起來容易做起來難。

Thomas Blaisdell
The majority of Americans cannot make financial mistakes as they cannot create money on their own.

大多數(shù)美國人不能犯財務錯誤，因為他們無法自己創(chuàng)造錢。
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The US government, however, makes many financial mistakes. These all stem from private ownership interests influencing the flow of resources and funding.

然而，美國政府犯了許多財政錯誤。這些都源于私有制利益對資源流動和資金分配的影響。

Money is merely an accounting tool. Not spending what you have is the only mistake you can make with it as this hurts EVERYONE on the planet collectively.

金錢僅僅是一種會計工具。不花你所擁有的錢是你唯一可能犯的錯誤，因為這會集體傷害地球上的每一個人。

The way to address and fix this issue is to end all privatization of resources and land. Collective ownership of our productive capacity will render personal finance extinct.

解決和修復這個問題的方法是結(jié)束所有資源和土地的私有化。我們生產(chǎn)能力的集體所有制將使個人財務不復存在。

Talwinder Singh
People makes many mistakes for their financial spending on day to day uses. Americans are spend more money to buy luxury items and buy expense watches, cars, foods and other things. When they buy a luxury cars in loans without thinking about their financial situation and then they stuck with huge EMI and car insurance which impact their pocket. Many people spend on online shopping and browsing lots of websites for just searching the items.

人們在日常消費中會犯很多錯誤。美國人花更多的錢購買奢侈品，如昂貴的手表、汽車、食物等。當他們不考慮自己的財務狀況就貸款購買豪華汽車時，就會陷入高額的月供和汽車保險中，這會影響他們的經(jīng)濟狀況。許多人在網(wǎng)上購物時花費大量時間瀏覽多個網(wǎng)站，僅僅是為了尋找商品。
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Brown Mark
When I was five years old, my family moved around and ended up in Hebei, where I attended half a grade. Back then, there was no such thing as kindergarten.

我五歲的時候，我的家人搬來搬去，最后在河北定居，我在那里上了半個年級。那時候還沒有幼兒園。

The winter fog was heavy, and every day I would wander through the mist, listening to the unfamiliar language of my classmates and attending classes I couldn’t understand. At that time, I felt like an outsider.

冬日的霧很重，每天我都會在霧中徘徊，聽著同學們陌生的語言，上著聽不懂的課。那時，我感覺自己像個局外人。

After returning home, I directly entered first grade. Back then, there was still morning study, and elementary school only went up to fifth grade. The classroom facilities were incomplete, and every day I had to carry a candle, walking through the village to attend morning study. I was terrified of the barking dogs, and the glow of the candle was my only comfort.

回家后，我直接進入了一年級。那時候還有早讀，小學只上到五年級。教室設施不完善，每天我都要帶著蠟燭，穿過村莊去參加早讀。我非常害怕那些吠叫的狗，而蠟燭的光芒是我唯一的安慰。

Later, the nine-year compulsory education reached our area, and we had brand-new classrooms. My parents started working night shifts, and it seemed like nothing had changed. I went to school alone in the morning and came home to a house with just my younger brother and me in the evening.

后來，九年義務教育普及到了我們這里，我們有了嶄新的教室。我的父母開始上夜班，似乎一切都沒有改變。我早上獨自去上學，晚上回到家只有我和弟弟兩個人。

At first, we would have a sister from a neighbor’s family accompany us, but for us at the time, this felt more like cruelty. Anything beautiful, you always want to hold onto forever, but it never lasts.

起初，我們會有鄰居家的一位姐姐陪伴我們，但對當時的我們來說，這感覺更像是一種殘忍。任何美好的事物，你總是想永遠抓住，但它從未持久。
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My deepest memory of childhood is sitting alone at my grandparents’ house, drawing a chessboard and playing chess against myself.

我童年最深的記憶是獨自坐在祖父母家，畫一個棋盤，然后自己和自己下棋。
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In middle school, I went to a private boarding school. At that time, I only had one pair of shoes because, in my mind, shoes could only be replaced when they were worn out. Every time after class, when everyone gathered at the second-floor railing to look into the distance, I would instinctively tuck my dirty shoes into the shadow of the sunlight.

在初中時，我上了一所私立寄宿學校。那時，我只有一雙鞋，因為在我看來，鞋子只有在穿壞了的時候才能更換。每次下課后，當大家都聚集在二樓的欄桿旁眺望遠方時，我會本能地把臟鞋子藏在陽光的陰影里。

In high school, I had a one-month relationship. The reason we broke up was because she told me, “Can you get a new pair of shoes? It’s embarrassing for me in front of my friends.” From then on, I didn’t date anyone until after I started working, because I knew that some things require a certain foundation to maintain their beauty.

在高中時，我有過一段為期一個月的戀情。我們分手的原因是她對我說：“你能買雙新鞋嗎？這讓我在朋友面前很尷尬?！睆哪且院?，直到我開始工作，我都沒有再談戀愛，因為我知道有些事情需要一定的基礎才能維持其美好。

In college, I worked part-time at a restaurant while studying. The winters were cold, and every day at 5 a.m., I had to go to the restaurant to wash potatoes. The icy water made my hands red and swollen. Sometimes I would complain why my peers could enjoy their youth while I had to wash potatoes in freezing water and scrub greasy stovetops with a rag.

在大學期間，我一邊學習一邊在餐廳兼職。冬天很冷，每天早上5點，我都要去餐廳洗土豆。冰冷的水讓我的手又紅又腫。有時我會抱怨，為什么我的同齡人可以享受青春，而我卻要在冰冷的水中洗土豆，用抹布擦拭油膩的爐灶。

Later, I came to terms with it because, if you’re a butterfly, you’ll eventually break out of the cocoon.

后來，我接受了這一點，因為如果你是一只蝴蝶，你最終會破繭而出。

At the end of 2018, I went to Jinan and interned at a listed company. After graduation, I was officially hired. My first-year salary was a little over 4,000 yuan, and I saved 30,000 yuan, living in a 580-yuan shared apartment and racking my brains to buy meal cards that my colleagues didn’t want. That year, I felt accomplished but also deeply anxious.

2018年底，我去了濟南，在一家上市公司實習。畢業(yè)后，我正式被聘用。第一年的工資略高于4000元，我存了30000元，住在一間580元的合租公寓里，絞盡腦汁購買同事們不想要的餐卡。那一年，我感到有成就感，但也深感焦慮。

I excelled in everything I did in the team, scored the highest in every project, and was always the first to be promoted. Yet, even so, by 2020, my salary had only increased to 6,000 yuan. In Jinan, for a fresh graduate, that was considered quite good. But when I thought about Jinan’s housing prices, which were over 10,000 yuan per square meter, I fell into depression. I had given it my all, progressed in ways that others admired, yet still felt so insignificant in the face of the world.

我在團隊中表現(xiàn)出色，在每個項目中都取得了最高分，并且總是第一個被晉升。然而，即便如此，到2020年，我的工資也只漲到了6000元。在濟南，對于一個應屆畢業(yè)生來說，這已經(jīng)相當不錯了。但當我想到濟南的房價每平方米超過1萬元時，我感到沮喪。我已經(jīng)全力以赴，取得了別人羨慕的進步，但在面對這個世界時，仍然感到如此渺小。
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So, at the end of 2020, without telling anyone, I took a 26-hour train to Shenzhen. I wanted to fight for myself one more time.

所以，在2020年底，我沒有告訴任何人，坐上了26小時的火車前往深圳。我想再為自己奮斗一次。

I didn’t tell my family because I was afraid they would worry, and because they believed one should stay at a single workplace for decades. They would scold me and feel sorry for me.

我沒有告訴我的家人，因為我害怕他們會擔心，而且他們認為一個人應該在一個工作場所待上幾十年。他們會責罵我，并為我感到難過。

At the end of 2020, Shandong was very cold. I wore a thick sweater, standing out like an outsider in Shenzhen, where everyone was in shorts and T-shirts, just like when I was in Hebei in half a grade.

2020年底，山東非常冷。我穿了一件厚毛衣，在深圳顯得格格不入，那里每個人都穿著短褲和T恤，就像我在河北讀半年級時一樣。
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In Shenzhen, I couldn’t find an ideal job for half a month because no company would double my salary just because I moved to Shenzhen. Why should they pay me double my Jinan salary of 6,000 yuan? Later, I met a benefactor who introduced me to overseas business. That year, I was given the top salary for that position—15,000 yuan.

在深圳，我半個月都沒找到理想的工作，因為沒有公司會因為我搬到深圳就給我雙倍工資。他們?yōu)槭裁匆Ц段覞?000元工資的雙倍呢？后來，我遇到了一位貴人，他介紹我從事海外業(yè)務。那一年，我拿到了該職位的最高薪水——15000元。

In 2021, I was transferred to the headquarters in Hangzhou. In 2022, after accumulating resources, I resigned.

2021年，我被調(diào)到了杭州的總部。2022年，在積累了資源后，我辭職了。

I went to Chengdu and started my own company.

我去了成都并創(chuàng)辦了自己的公司。

In the four years after graduation, I moved to a new place almost every year.

在畢業(yè)后的四年里，我?guī)缀趺磕甓紩岬揭粋€新地方。

So, in 2023, I returned to Heze. Since it was an internet company, it could operate from anywhere. I wanted to see my teachers, visit my grandmother, and spend time with my family.

所以，在2023年，我回到了菏澤。由于這是一家互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司，它可以在任何地方運營。我想看望我的老師，拜訪我的祖母，并與家人共度時光。

That year in Heze was absurd. I mingled with the powerful, gathered friends, and spent recklessly. All the behaviors others couldn’t understand seemed like a feast for my younger, restrained self.

那年在菏澤是荒誕的。我與權貴交往，結(jié)交朋友，揮霍無度。所有別人無法理解的行為，對我那個曾經(jīng)年輕而克制的自己來說，就像是一場盛宴。

At the end of 2024, my company’s overseas business led to a broken capital chain, and my financial investments lost hundreds of thousands. It seemed like everything had returned to the starting point.

2024年底，我公司的海外業(yè)務導致資金鏈斷裂，我的財務投資損失了數(shù)十萬。一切似乎又回到了起點。

So, I went back to Shenzhen.

所以，我回到了深圳。
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My friends always say that seeing my current situation gives them a headache, but I don’t feel that way. Because I’m used to having nothing, and in my years of hardship, I was fortunate to have gained the ability to make things better.

我的朋友們總是說，看到我目前的狀況讓他們感到頭疼，但我并不這么覺得。因為我已經(jīng)習慣了什么都沒有，而且在我艱難的歲月里，我很幸運地獲得了讓事情變得更好的能力。

So, I always tell myself: live calmly in unpeaceful times.

所以，我總是告訴自己：在不安定的時代里平靜地生活。

Sean Gardner
After years of getting financial advice and making a few good investments, I discovered that keeping my money fanned out on a piece of aluminum foil on top of the toilet was not a very good place to save money. First of all, it gained no interest and sometimes a few bills would fall onto the floor or into the bowl, and secondly sometimes if I had guests over the money would just disappear, I just assumed one of them needed an emergency loan and would pay it back next time they came over and had to use the bathroom but so far that hasn't happened, and now using the bathroom is the first thing my friends do when coming to visit me. So after thinking about it for a while I decided to move the foil and the money to the hood of my car, which should solve some of the previously mentioned problems.

經(jīng)過多年的財務咨詢和幾次成功的投資后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)把錢攤開放在馬桶上的一塊鋁箔上并不是一個很好的存錢地方。首先，它不會產(chǎn)生利息，有時幾張鈔票會掉到地上或馬桶里；其次，有時如果有客人來，錢就會消失，我只是假設他們中的某個人需要緊急貸款，下次來用洗手間時會還回來，但到目前為止這還沒有發(fā)生，現(xiàn)在我的朋友來拜訪我時，第一件事就是去洗手間。所以經(jīng)過一番思考，我決定把鋁箔和錢搬到我的車引擎蓋上，這應該可以解決之前提到的一些問題。

Investor Yum
I believe the biggest mistake people often make is being overly confident. Many times, that confidence borders on arrogance, especially when it comes to investing. Investing is inherently counterintuitive. Warren Buffett has a famous saying: "Be greedy when others are fearful, and fearful when others are greedy."

我認為人們常犯的最大錯誤是過于自信。很多時候，這種自信近乎傲慢，尤其是在投資方面。投資本質(zhì)上是反直覺的。沃倫·巴菲特有一句名言：“在別人恐懼時貪婪，在別人貪婪時恐懼?！?/b>

One year, the Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to behavioral economists who studied why people make so many investment mistakes.

有一年，諾貝爾經(jīng)濟學獎被授予了研究人們?yōu)楹卧谕顿Y中犯下如此多錯誤的行為經(jīng)濟學家。

For example, when investing in stocks, a company's performance might show rapid growth, such as Lotus（NASDAQ：LOT）, a renowned British luxury car brand. From January to September 2024, Lotus achieved total revenue of $653 million, up 105% year-over-year; service revenue reached $29 million, up 129%; and total deliveries hit 7,617 units, marking a 136% increase year-over-year. All its business indicators are growing rapidly.

例如，在投資股票時，一家公司的業(yè)績可能會顯示出快速增長，比如Lotus（納斯達克股票代碼：LOT），這是一家著名的英國豪華汽車品牌。從2024年1月到9月，Lotus實現(xiàn)了6.53億美元的總收入，同比增長105%；服務收入達到2900萬美元，同比增長129%；總交付量達到7617輛，同比增長136%。其所有業(yè)務指標都在快速增長。

Yet, many investors fail to look at financial reports, company announcements, or fundamentals when making decisions. Instead, they rely on hearsay or half-baked information. It's no surprise, then, that losses are hard to avoid in such cases.

然而，許多投資者在做出決策時未能查看財務報告、公司公告或基本面信息。相反，他們依賴道聽途說或半生不熟的信息。因此，在這種情況下，損失難以避免也就不足為奇了。

Scott Anderson
Here is a few, Small, regular expenses, like daily coffee runs or frequent dining out, can add up over time and strain finances. Living Beyond Their Means Many people spend more than they earn, often relying on credit cards to cover the gap, which can lead to debt Not Following a Budget

以下是一些小的、定期的開支，比如每天買咖啡或頻繁外出就餐，隨著時間的推移，這些開支會累積起來，給財務狀況帶來壓力。許多人生活超出他們的收入水平，通常依賴信用卡來填補缺口，這可能導致債務。不遵循預算。

Failing to create and stick to a budget can make it difficult to track spending and save effectively Not Having an Emergency Fund Without an emergency fund, unexpected expenses can lead to financial hardship. Not Having an Emergency Fund Without an emergency fund, unexpected expenses can lead to financial hardship. Impulsive Spending Emotional or unexpected purchases can derail f financial plans and lead to unnecessary debt. Over Reliance on Credit Cards Using credit cards for non-essential purchases and not paying off the balance each month can result in high-interest debt. Not Saving for Retirement Many people delay saving for retirement, missing out on the benefits of compound interest. Buying New Vehicles Purchasing new cars, which depreciate quickly, can be a significant financial burden. Misusing Home Equity Using home equity for non-essential expenses can put one's home at risk. Never-Ending Payments Subscxtions and memberships that are not essential can drain finances over time.

無法制定并堅持預算會使跟蹤支出和有效儲蓄變得困難。沒有應急基金，意外支出可能導致財務困境。沒有應急基金，意外支出可能導致財務困境。沖動消費，情緒化或意外的購買可能會破壞財務計劃，并導致不必要的債務。過度依賴信用卡，用于非必需品的購買且不每月還清余額，可能導致高利息債務。許多人延遲為退休儲蓄，錯過了復利的好處。購買新車，其價值迅速貶值，可能成為重大的財務負擔。濫用房屋凈值用于非必要開支，可能會使自己的房屋面臨風險。非必要的訂閱和會員資格會隨著時間的推移耗盡財務。

This is something helped me become better on my feet.

這幫助我更好地站穩(wěn)了腳跟。

Mike Hartigan
I don't know if it afflicts a majority, but being ignorant of the pitfalls of credit cards is a biggie.

我不知道這是否影響大多數(shù)人，但忽視信用卡的陷阱是一個大問題。

For example, using a credit card for day to day expenses like food or utility bills is a really, really bad habit unless you plan to pay off the balance every month. If you can't afford this month’s food, then what makes you think you'll be able to afford both this month’s and next month’s a month down the road?

例如，使用信用卡支付日常開支，如食品或水電費，是一個非常、非常不好的習慣，除非你計劃每月還清余額。如果你連這個月的食品都負擔不起，那么你怎么會認為一個月后你就能負擔得起這個月和下個月的費用呢？

Also, paying substantially less than the total balance is digging a hole that's very difficult to climb out of. At that point, the bank has already sent somebody to help you dig. Every month you don't pay it off, the shovel gets bigger and bigger.

此外，支付遠低于總余額的金額是在挖一個很難爬出來的坑。到了那個時候，銀行已經(jīng)派人來幫你挖了。每個月你不還清，鏟子就會越來越大。

John Meyers
It's really not rocket science, It's self discipline! There are plenty of stories about people, passing and leaving behind millions, who no one ever suspected as being rich.

這真的不是火箭科學，而是自律！有很多關于人們的故事，他們?nèi)ナ篮罅粝铝藬?shù)百萬的財產(chǎn)，而沒有人曾懷疑他們富有。

You too, can become a millionaire, without a large income. A certain minimum income is required and it varies by location, but it's much less than most think. You are likely going to give up some things now to do it, though.

你也可以成為百萬富翁，即使沒有高收入。雖然需要一定的基本收入，且這個數(shù)額因地區(qū)而異，但它遠低于大多數(shù)人的想象。不過，你可能需要現(xiàn)在放棄一些東西來實現(xiàn)這一目標。

The absolute first thing to do (after getting educated for a job you'll like, not necessarily college, but knowledge and revisited), is to save up an emergency fund. Having even a small emergency fund can make all the difference in the world as you won't need to use expensive credit.

首先要做的是（在獲得你喜歡的工作所需的教育之后，不一定是大學教育，而是知識和復習），就是存一筆應急基金。即使是一筆小的應急基金也能帶來巨大的不同，因為你不需要使用昂貴的信貸。

Buy a cheaper, good quality car instead of something flashy and expensive to maintain. You can do flashy later.

買一輛更便宜、質(zhì)量好的車，而不是那些花哨且維護費用昂貴的車。你可以以后再考慮花哨的。

Buy clothes that will last beyond 1 season, possibly from a thrift store or even free. We get tons of clothes and home goods free from "Buy Nothing “ groups on Facebook, it's also a great way to get rid of what you no longer want.

購買能穿超過一個季節(jié)的衣服，可能來自二手店甚至是免費的。我們從Facebook上的“Buy Nothing”小組免費獲得大量的衣服和家居用品，這也是處理你不再需要的東西的好方法。

Vacation on a budget.

預算有限的假期。

Invest, the younger you start the better, compound interest has been called the 8th wonder of the world. Starting at 20, your savings can easily grow 16 times by retirement age and likely more. Keep it simple at first using funds that cover the markets. When you feel more confident, you can consider individual stocks. Then maybe a multifamily rental where you live in one unit, though being a landlord is not for everyone.

投資，越早開始越好，復利被稱為世界第八大奇跡。從20歲開始，你的儲蓄在退休時很容易增長16倍甚至更多。開始時可以簡單使用覆蓋市場的基金。當你更有信心時，可以考慮個股。然后也許可以考慮多戶出租房，你住在其中一個單元，不過當房東并不適合所有人。

美國人 財務

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