一個(gè)視頻告訴你中國(guó)方言的起源

@rawbird5341
Hakka itself has so many accents that some are unrecognizable from each other.

客家話(huà)本身就有很多種口音，以至于有些口音之間完全無(wú)法互相聽(tīng)懂。

@arthurmoran4951
maybe they are not accents but properly dialect of the hakka Chinese language

也許它們不是口音，而是客家語(yǔ)這一漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中的不同方言。

@CheahMichael
Yep, because Hakka itself might be influenced by nearby dialects

是的，因?yàn)榭图以?huà)本身可能受到了周邊方言的影響。

@Leokoolok
Hakka is a foreign language and not that close to Chinese tbh

客家話(huà)其實(shí)是種外來(lái)語(yǔ)言，老實(shí)說(shuō)，它并不那么接近漢語(yǔ)。

@rawbird5341
 wtf, no, how is Hakka a foreign language? It is a Chinese language that evolved from Chinese people who migrated away from the central plains to the south. If anything, it’s more Chinese than mandarin is, it’s closer to ancient Chinese language than mandarin is.

你說(shuō)什么呢？客家話(huà)怎么是外來(lái)語(yǔ)言？它是一種漢語(yǔ)，是那些從中原遷徙到南方的漢族人發(fā)展出來(lái)的語(yǔ)言。如果說(shuō)起來(lái)，它比普通話(huà)還更“漢”，它比普通話(huà)更接近古代漢語(yǔ)。

@wernerschneider4460
I have a brother-in-law, whose parents emigrated from China to the Philippines, where he was born. With them, he communicated in their Chinese dialect. He told me that nobody in Beijing understood a single word when he once travelled there as a tourist. And he didn't understand anything which was spoken there. Except when somebody used English.

我有一個(gè)妹夫，他的父母從中國(guó)移民到菲律賓，他是在那里出生的。他和父母交流用的是他們的漢語(yǔ)方言。他告訴我有一次他去北京旅游的時(shí)候，當(dāng)?shù)厝艘痪渌脑?huà)都聽(tīng)不懂，他也一句都聽(tīng)不懂北京人說(shuō)的。除了有人用英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候還能溝通。

@EliasssY
I been to manila, they speak hokkien there. Depends where your brother in law went, and what language/dialect was spoken at that place.

我去過(guò)馬尼拉，那里的確講閩南語(yǔ)。你妹夫去的是哪兒、當(dāng)時(shí)當(dāng)?shù)刂v的是什么語(yǔ)言或方言也會(huì)影響交流。

@marcusklee
Singaporean here. A bit of history here. 
Hokkien is indeed the commonly spoken Chinese dialect in Singapore, but there still exists very small pockets of Cantonese speakers, like my family. We are 100% Cantonese (i.e., both sets of parents are Cantonese), but this figure is dropping rapidly. Today (June 2025), you can hardly find any young (30s and below) fluent Cantonese speakers. Inter-marriage between different dialect groups doesn't help the numbers either. 
In addition, in an effort by the government to 'unify' ethnic Chinese Singaporeans as one people, the government back in 1970s  introduced Mandarin as a common language, which was termed 'Mother Tongue" today, and is taught as a default compulsory 2nd langauge in educational curriculum. Simultaneously, Cantonese TV shows which we'd get from Hong Kong's TVB were no longer aired/allowed (slightly draconian) and the ones that were shown on TV were dubbed in Mandarin. Even Cantonese movies today are dubbed into Mandarin in Singapore. 
The only time where I feel 'liberated' and 'free my tongue' is when I travel to Malaysia and Hong Kong, where I can speak the language and understand. Or to Chinese restaurants in any western countries. 

我是新加坡人，來(lái)講點(diǎn)歷史。
在新加坡，閩南話(huà)的確是最常用的漢語(yǔ)方言，但仍然存在一些小群體講粵語(yǔ)，比如我的家庭。我們是百分之百的粵語(yǔ)人群（也就是父母雙方都是講粵語(yǔ)的），但這個(gè)人數(shù)現(xiàn)在正迅速下降。到了今天（2025年6月），你幾乎找不到30歲以下講流利粵語(yǔ)的年輕人。不同方言群體之間通婚也讓這個(gè)人數(shù)更少了。
此外，為了讓新加坡華人“團(tuán)結(jié)為一個(gè)民族”，政府在上世紀(jì)70年代推出了普通話(huà)作為共同語(yǔ)言，并稱(chēng)其為“母語(yǔ)”，如今它是學(xué)校課程中默認(rèn)的第二語(yǔ)言。同時(shí)，過(guò)去我們從香港（特區(qū)）TVB看到的粵語(yǔ)電視劇被停播或不再允許播放（有點(diǎn)極端），取而代之的是配音成普通話(huà)的版本。即使是今天的粵語(yǔ)電影，在新加坡播放時(shí)也大多被配成普通話(huà)。
我唯一能感覺(jué)解放了舌頭、可以暢所欲言的時(shí)候，就是去馬來(lái)西亞和香港（特區(qū)）旅行的時(shí)候，那時(shí)我能說(shuō)粵語(yǔ)、也能聽(tīng)懂。或者在西方國(guó)家的中餐館里也可以。

@Jumpoable
Hokkien is NOT Min; it's Minnan (Southern Min) because the Min area (Fujian province) is so mountainous that linguists split it into 3 or 4 language areas. What they speak in Fuzhou (the provincial capital of Fujian as well as in Flushing) is NOT mutually intelligible with Hokkien/ Minnan languages, as Fuzhounese is considered a Mindong (Eastern Min) language with a completely different set of tones & phonological rules.

閩南語(yǔ)不是“閩語(yǔ)”；它是閩南語(yǔ)（Southern Min），因?yàn)楦＝ㄊ〉匦翁嗌?，語(yǔ)言學(xué)家把閩語(yǔ)劃分為三四個(gè)不同的語(yǔ)區(qū)。福州（福建省會(huì)）講的并不是和閩南語(yǔ)或福建話(huà)可以互通的語(yǔ)言，而是福州話(huà)，屬于“閩東語(yǔ)”（Eastern Min），有一套完全不同的聲調(diào)和語(yǔ)音規(guī)則。

@jack_kay
Using a European frxwork, the varieties of Chinese are languages.  Saying you speak Chinese is like saying you speak European.  The conversation/pronunciation/grammar may be different but the written form unifies the language.  So the major language groups or families would be analogous to Slavic, Germanic & Romance languages families (like Yue, Min & Mandarin for example).  These are all European languages (even broader Indo-European) families but mutually unintelligible.  So there are varieties of Romance languages such as Italian & Spanish, in which even without training, Italians can understand 50-60% of Spanish.  This is similar to Cantonese & Taishan.  Likewise a Cantonese speaker has no hope of understanding a Shanghainese speaker, when spoken, without out exposure or training.  This is the same case for an English speaker & a Polish speaker.

用歐洲語(yǔ)言的框架來(lái)看，中國(guó)的各種“方言”其實(shí)應(yīng)該被歸為不同語(yǔ)言。說(shuō)你會(huì)說(shuō)“中文”，就像說(shuō)你會(huì)說(shuō)“歐洲語(yǔ)”一樣?？谡Z(yǔ)交流、發(fā)音、語(yǔ)法都不同，但統(tǒng)一的書(shū)寫(xiě)系統(tǒng)讓它們看起來(lái)是一個(gè)語(yǔ)言。所以主要的語(yǔ)言群或語(yǔ)系，可以類(lèi)比為斯拉夫語(yǔ)、日耳曼語(yǔ)和羅曼語(yǔ)（比如粵語(yǔ)、閩南語(yǔ)、普通話(huà)）。這些都是歐洲語(yǔ)言（甚至更廣義的印歐語(yǔ)系）的一部分，但它們之間并不能互相理解。
就像羅曼語(yǔ)族里的意大利語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)，即使沒(méi)學(xué)過(guò)，意大利人也能大致聽(tīng)懂西語(yǔ)的50-60%。這類(lèi)似于粵語(yǔ)和臺(tái)山話(huà)的關(guān)系。相反，一個(gè)粵語(yǔ)使用者如果沒(méi)有接觸或訓(xùn)練，是根本聽(tīng)不懂上海話(huà)的。
這跟一個(gè)講英語(yǔ)的人聽(tīng)不懂波蘭語(yǔ)是一個(gè)道理。

@cmaven4762
This is a good analogy. The reason people keep getting confused is that the average person doesn't think of "European" as a language, even though most Western European languages are written with the same scxt. Meanwhile, because all the Chinese language family members used the same logographic system, the concept that all the speakers are using "varieties" of the same language has been perpetuated. I think what makes it more confusing is that at various points in history many of these languages, like, say, Portuguese and Romanian, would indeed have been mutually intelligible dialects [in this example, of Latin].

這是個(gè)很好的類(lèi)比。人們總是搞混，是因?yàn)槠胀ㄈ瞬粫?huì)認(rèn)為“歐洲語(yǔ)”是一個(gè)語(yǔ)言，盡管大多數(shù)西歐語(yǔ)言都用同一種字母系統(tǒng)。而中文語(yǔ)言家族中的成員都用同一種表意文字系統(tǒng)，這就讓“大家都在說(shuō)同一種語(yǔ)言的不同變體”這個(gè)概念被長(zhǎng)期維持下來(lái)了。
更混亂的是，在歷史上的某些時(shí)期，很多語(yǔ)言確實(shí)曾是互通的方言（比如葡萄牙語(yǔ)和羅馬尼亞語(yǔ)都是從拉丁語(yǔ)演變而來(lái)，在某個(gè)時(shí)期它們互通）。

@cricketgc6826
Bro your mandarin is fantastic...you are doing a fantastic job in explaining Chinese culture and related topics to China. I'm of Chinese descend and a Malaysian,  I can speak and understand a little Mandarin and my dialect is Hakka. There are sub-dialects in Hakka (mine being Hopoh) so do all the other major dialects as well. You are American, i hope and pray oneday you will be called upon by your country to help with establishing a better understanding between the people of the US and the people of China for world peace and prosperity for all. The world is sadly lacking in understanding of one another but most sad is the greed of those corporations and people in power and they are destroying the planet. World Peace.

兄弟，你的普通話(huà)太棒了……你在解釋中國(guó)文化和相關(guān)內(nèi)容方面做得非常棒。我是馬來(lái)西亞籍華人，我會(huì)說(shuō)和聽(tīng)一點(diǎn)普通話(huà)，我的方言是客家話(huà)?？图以?huà)中也有次方言（我的是“河婆話(huà)”），其他大方言中也一樣有各種分支。
你是美國(guó)人，我希望有一天你會(huì)被你的國(guó)家召喚，來(lái)幫助增進(jìn)美中人民之間的了解，實(shí)現(xiàn)世界和平與共同繁榮。這個(gè)世界太缺乏相互理解了，而最令人遺憾的是，那些大公司和掌權(quán)者的貪婪，他們正在摧毀這個(gè)星球。愿世界和平。

@christopherlord3441
I work as a translator and often work with a large Chinese agency that has project managers working from home all over China. They get the job because they can speak English (though we mostly communicate in Chinese) and so they often have to deal with translations in languages they can't speak themselves. Many of them clearly don't understand the linguistic situation in Europe, and think that European languages are more or less like Chinese dialects or as you say fangyan. I work mainly with Romance languages but they sometimes ask 'Can you do Dutch to Norwegian?' or something, and seem a little bit surprised when I say no.

我是一名翻譯，經(jīng)常和一家中國(guó)大型翻譯公司合作，那里的項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理分布在中國(guó)各地，在家辦公。他們能勝任這份工作，是因?yàn)槟苤v英語(yǔ)（盡管我們主要用中文溝通），但他們經(jīng)常會(huì)接觸自己不會(huì)說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言的翻譯任務(wù)。
他們中的很多人顯然不理解歐洲的語(yǔ)言情況，他們覺(jué)得歐洲的語(yǔ)言差異就像中國(guó)的方言或“方言群”。我主要處理的是羅曼語(yǔ)系的語(yǔ)言，但他們有時(shí)會(huì)問(wèn)我“你能翻譯荷蘭語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)挪威語(yǔ)嗎？”之類(lèi)的內(nèi)容，當(dāng)我說(shuō)不能的時(shí)候，他們好像還挺驚訝的。

@isaganipalanca8803
You forgot to mention that the considerably large and influential community of overseas Chinese in the Philippines mainly speak Hokkien - like my mother and her family, as my maternal grandfather emigrated to the Philippines from xiamen in the late 19th century. My mother spoke not only Hokkien, but also Mandarin and Cantonese. As a child I had a tutor who taught me Hokkien and Mandarin simultaneously. Too bad I never followed through. As an adult, I studied Japanese and Korean (I never got the tones of Chinese,so I tried non-tonal languages!), being quite surprised that the many phonemically adapted words originating from Chinese in these two languages sooner resembled Hokkien phonetically than any other Chinese dialect.

你忘了提一點(diǎn)：菲律賓的華人社群非常龐大且有影響力，而他們主要說(shuō)的是閩南語(yǔ)——就像我媽媽和她的家人一樣。我的外祖父19世紀(jì)末從廈門(mén)移民到菲律賓，我母親不僅會(huì)說(shuō)閩南語(yǔ)，還會(huì)說(shuō)普通話(huà)和粵語(yǔ)。
小時(shí)候我有家教老師，他同時(shí)教我閩南語(yǔ)和普通話(huà)。只可惜我后來(lái)沒(méi)繼續(xù)學(xué)。成年后我轉(zhuǎn)去學(xué)了日語(yǔ)和韓語(yǔ)（因?yàn)槲铱偸歉悴欢疂h語(yǔ)的聲調(diào)，就想學(xué)無(wú)聲調(diào)語(yǔ)言），結(jié)果我很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，這兩種語(yǔ)言里很多從中文音譯來(lái)的詞，音韻上反而更像閩南語(yǔ)，而不是其他漢語(yǔ)方言。

@DavidHoughton17
They are def independent languages just like how Italian, Portuguese and Spanish are separate languages.

它們絕對(duì)是獨(dú)立的語(yǔ)言，就像意大利語(yǔ)、葡萄牙語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)是不同的語(yǔ)言一樣。

@josenwushangkehan
The actual explaination is far more complex than what you had described....However this is a very good simplification for Non Chinese to get the idea....It is still a good job though...

實(shí)際情況比你描述的要復(fù)雜得多……不過(guò)這對(duì)于非中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)非常好的簡(jiǎn)化說(shuō)明……你依然做得不錯(cuò)。

@rastisdiq4142
Actually every language in the world had the same situation before unification policy by the state.
? am a kurd and we have like 7 dialects maybe 2 of them can understand eachother

實(shí)際上，世界上的每種語(yǔ)言在國(guó)家推行統(tǒng)一政策之前都經(jīng)歷過(guò)類(lèi)似的情況。
我是庫(kù)爾德人，我們有大約7種方言，其中也就兩種彼此能勉強(qiáng)聽(tīng)懂。

@EricLeung-hk
Officially Cantonese is 9th most spoken language in the world, it has her own phases and grammatical pattern, and difference in pronunciation.  For written Chinese, it could be classified as simplified Chinese which is office in CCP china, and traditional Chinese which is from ancient Chinese which is still using in Taiwan or Republic of China, and place like Hong Kong if it is not banned very soon.

粵語(yǔ)在官方統(tǒng)計(jì)中是全球第九大語(yǔ)言，它有自己獨(dú)立的語(yǔ)氣和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，以及發(fā)音上的區(qū)別。
書(shū)面中文方面，可以分為“簡(jiǎn)體字”，這是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨統(tǒng)治下的官方文字；還有“繁體字”，源自古代漢字，現(xiàn)在仍在臺(tái)灣（地區(qū)）（中華民國(guó)）和香港（特區(qū)）使用——當(dāng)然，如果在香港（特區(qū)）沒(méi)被全面禁止的話(huà)。

@ilFrancotti
You can read all the European languages that are written in Latin if you know Latin.
But that doesn't mean you are going to understand them because the sound of the same Latin letter may vary significantly from language to language, compared to the original Latin sound.

如果你懂拉丁語(yǔ)，你可以閱讀所有用拉丁字母書(shū)寫(xiě)的歐洲語(yǔ)言。
但這并不意味著你能理解它們的內(nèi)容，因?yàn)橄嗤睦∽帜冈诓煌Z(yǔ)言中的發(fā)音可能會(huì)和原始拉丁語(yǔ)有顯著差異。

@etorawa9367
Southern China kind of feels like the Caucasus in a way. There are all these mountainous, remote regions where people were cut off from the rest of the country for centuries. Over time, they developed their own languages and distinct cultures, some of which are radically different from the Mandarin speaking, northern Han norms. And yet, many of them still identify as Han Chinese, which shows just how broad and flexible that identity really is.

中國(guó)南方在某種程度上讓我聯(lián)想到高加索地區(qū)。
這里有許多山區(qū)和偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)都與國(guó)家其他部分隔絕。隨著時(shí)間推移，這些地方發(fā)展出自己獨(dú)特的語(yǔ)言和文化，有些甚至與說(shuō)普通話(huà)的北方漢族主流文化完全不同。
但這些人中很多依然認(rèn)同自己是“漢族”，這也說(shuō)明了“漢族”這個(gè)身份有多么寬泛和靈活。

@barbarossarotbart
People should not forget that written Chinese is a logographic writing system. That makes it possible to be understood across languages. A very usefull tool in an empire in which several language families are spoken. You have no need to translate anything. And that's the reason they did not replace it with a more modern writing system.

人們不應(yīng)忘記，中文是一種表意文字系統(tǒng)。這使得它可以在不同語(yǔ)言之間被理解。
在一個(gè)存在多個(gè)語(yǔ)言家族的帝國(guó)中，這是非常有用的工具。你無(wú)需翻譯任何內(nèi)容。
這正是他們沒(méi)有用更“現(xiàn)代”的文字系統(tǒng)取而代之的原因。

@flyingzone356
Please stop confusing Sinitic languages (Yue or Cantonese, Shanghaiese, Hokkien, Hakka, Teochew, etc.) with Mandarin dialects (Sichuanese, Harbin dialect, Northeastern Mandarin, Taiwanese dialect etc.). Yes, they all belong to the Sino-Tibetan language family, but Sinitic languages are distinct, mutually-unintelligible languages, and Mandarin dialects are mutually-intelligible (to various extent).

請(qǐng)不要混淆漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言（如粵語(yǔ)、上海話(huà)、福建話(huà)、客家話(huà)、潮州話(huà)等）與普通話(huà)方言（如四川話(huà)、哈爾濱話(huà)、東北話(huà)、臺(tái)灣（地區(qū)）普通話(huà)等）。是的，它們都屬于漢藏語(yǔ)系，但漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言是彼此不能互通的獨(dú)立語(yǔ)言，而普通話(huà)方言在不同程度上是可以互通的。

@dantankunfiveancestorsfist
China written language or dialect is the greatest invention of ancient communication it allows every different language group this include Koreans, Japanese, Vietnamese and all of China to understand each other. Because of nationalism some countries such as ancient Korea and in many degree Japan started to modify the general written communication with their own written characters. That is why today Koreans and Chinese can no longer communicate with each other in writing both will have to instead learn English.

中國(guó)的書(shū)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)言或方言，是古代交流中最偉大的發(fā)明。它讓不同的語(yǔ)言群體——包括韓國(guó)人、日本人、越南人和整個(gè)中國(guó)——都能互相理解。但由于民族主義，一些國(guó)家（如古代的韓國(guó)，以及某種程度上的日本）開(kāi)始用自己的文字來(lái)修改這種通用書(shū)寫(xiě)方式。這也是為什么今天韓國(guó)人和中國(guó)人不能再通過(guò)文字交流，必須改為使用英文的原因。

@Wann-zo7rn2qn4i
Now you understand why China need a putonghua.  The scxt, Hanyu was sexted and enforced by Qin Shi Huangdi.  He was the one who mandated a common scxt,  a common set of laws, common weights & measures, common currency to enable the smooth running of the government. And they diligently recorded everything.  And that's the legacy he left to China.  Isn't it amazing that a Chinese high school graduate could still largely read something written almost 2000 years ago, whatever dialect he speaks at home.

現(xiàn)在你應(yīng)該明白中國(guó)為什么需要普通話(huà)了。漢字書(shū)寫(xiě)系統(tǒng)“漢語(yǔ)”是在秦始皇時(shí)期被選擇并推行的。
他規(guī)定了統(tǒng)一的文字、統(tǒng)一的法律體系、統(tǒng)一的度量衡和貨幣，以確保國(guó)家政務(wù)的順利運(yùn)作。
他們還非常認(rèn)真地記錄一切。這就是他留給中國(guó)的遺產(chǎn)。
難道不令人驚嘆嗎？——無(wú)論在家說(shuō)什么方言，一個(gè)中國(guó)高中畢業(yè)生至今仍大體能看懂2000年前寫(xiě)下的文字。

@SDZ675
So it's very similar to Medi Europe. Many romance languages had the same roots in Latin and used Latin as a lingua Franca. Interesting that it's mostly the mountains to the south that kept dialects distinct, but also makes sense since for most of Chinese history, the Imperial capitals were either in the North or the West.

所以這與中世紀(jì)的歐洲很相似。許多羅曼語(yǔ)言都源于拉丁語(yǔ)，并使用拉丁語(yǔ)作為通用語(yǔ)。
有趣的是，中國(guó)南方多山的地形讓各地方言保持了差異性，這也說(shuō)得通，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)歷史上大多數(shù)皇都都在北方或西部。

@davidcamacho5421
Thank you. I think your explanation  is well done. I see a lot of similarities between Thai and Cantonese. Especially the counting is near identical as well as the grammar.  I live in HK and Mainlanders cannot understand Cantonese at all.

謝謝你。我覺(jué)得你的解釋非常好。我看到泰語(yǔ)和粵語(yǔ)之間有很多相似之處。
尤其是數(shù)數(shù)的方式幾乎一模一樣，語(yǔ)法也很相近。我住在香港（特區(qū)），內(nèi)地人完全聽(tīng)不懂粵語(yǔ)。

@danielzchang
I am from Fujian province, and I noticed this video has one major mistake about Fujian Province. Within Fujian there are four major dialect groups, the so call Hokkien is only spoken in the Southern areas, while Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian province, speaks Fuzhou Dialect, or the dialect of the middle of Min. If you visit the Chinatown in Manhattan, NY, or in Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, you will not hear Hokkien, you hear Fuzhou dialect everywhere.

我來(lái)自福建省，我注意到這個(gè)視頻對(duì)福建有一個(gè)很大的誤解。在福建省內(nèi)部有四個(gè)主要方言群體，所謂的“福建話(huà)”（Hokkien）只是南部地區(qū)的語(yǔ)言，而省會(huì)福州講的是福州話(huà)，也就是閩中方言。
如果你去紐約曼哈頓、洛杉磯、舊金山或芝加哥的唐人街，你不會(huì)聽(tīng)到福建話(huà)，你會(huì)到處聽(tīng)到的是福州話(huà)。

@jvp9703
I speak Cantonese and can understand a lot of Mandarin without formal education, so I think they're still dialects given that any small amount of studying will drastically increase inteligibility.
You can't say the same thing for English and Polish for example.

我講粵語(yǔ)，但即使沒(méi)有正式學(xué)習(xí)，我也能聽(tīng)懂很多普通話(huà)，所以我覺(jué)得它們還是方言。因?yàn)橹灰晕W(xué)一點(diǎn)，理解度就會(huì)大幅提高。你不能把英語(yǔ)和波蘭語(yǔ)也這么說(shuō)，那根本不行。

@eddiebrock649
Informative, one part missed out was the different dynasties in China's history where different races were in charge and they used different dialects as their official languages and there's specific Chinese words that dialects like Cantonese, Hokkien uses and makes no sense in Mandarin or other dialects.

這視頻很有信息量，不過(guò)有一點(diǎn)遺漏了——中國(guó)歷史上不同朝代由不同民族掌權(quán)，
他們采用的官方語(yǔ)言也不同，而且像粵語(yǔ)、福建話(huà)等方言中有些漢字詞匯在普通話(huà)或其他方言中完全說(shuō)不通。

@monkeyrun
each "dialect" is a country being "united".
Calling them a dialect is like if Hitler successfully takes over Europe, and call Spanish and French a dialect.

每種“方言”其實(shí)都是一個(gè)國(guó)家被“統(tǒng)一”了。
稱(chēng)它們?yōu)椤胺窖浴?，就好像希特勒成功征服了整個(gè)歐洲，然后把西班牙語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)也叫做“方言”。

@88klac
In SE Asia many Chinese will speak more than one Chinese language/dialect, and often mix them up together. Thus in a family maybe the father is a hative Hakka speaker,, the mother Cantonese, and they both speak some Mandarin.  The family langage can be a mixture of Mandarin/Hakka/Cantonese.

在東南亞，許多華人會(huì)說(shuō)不止一種漢語(yǔ)方言，而且常常混著說(shuō)。比如一個(gè)家庭中，父親是客家話(huà)母語(yǔ)者，
母親講粵語(yǔ)，他們倆都會(huì)講一些普通話(huà)。于是這個(gè)家庭的日常語(yǔ)言可能就是普通話(huà)、客家話(huà)、粵語(yǔ)的混合體。

@karynang6149
Shouldn’t have used the USA as an example given that people who identify as modern Americans all descended from immigrants about 250 years ago. Thus evolution of languages there aren’t going to be the same as China which has thousands of years of language evolution.
It would have been interesting to compare to any country in Europe though, such as Italy, French, etc… who probably had many dialects/ sublanguages too until they were centralised.

不應(yīng)該用美國(guó)做例子，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代美國(guó)人的祖先大多是在250年前左右移民過(guò)去的，
所以那里的語(yǔ)言演變不會(huì)像中國(guó)這樣，經(jīng)歷了數(shù)千年。
如果拿中國(guó)和歐洲國(guó)家做比較就有意思多了，
比如意大利、法國(guó)等，它們過(guò)去也有很多方言或“次語(yǔ)言”，直到中央集權(quán)化才逐漸統(tǒng)一。

@kenlui2159
The Chinese are the native people of China naturally they have thier own dialects. The native people of America were close to wiped out when Westerners stole their lands, that's why there is no dialects in America

中國(guó)人是中國(guó)的原住民族，自然有他們自己的方言。
而美洲的原住民在西方人掠奪他們土地時(shí)幾乎被消滅了，
這就是為什么美國(guó)沒(méi)有方言的原因。

@diarmaiddillon1568
What a bunch of crap .  A guy with some toff British accent referring to the United States as "our country" , feigning perplexion on behalf of many "westerners" who would find this situation "unusual" despite 100s of millions of people in Europe speaking descendant daughter languages of different Proto-Indo-European dialects, who perfectly can understand the linguistic complexity of the Han language. 

真是一派胡言。一個(gè)帶著紳士腔的英國(guó)口音的人竟然把美國(guó)稱(chēng)作“我們的國(guó)家”，
還假裝代表許多“西方人”對(duì)這種語(yǔ)言情況感到困惑，盡管歐洲有上億人都在說(shuō)從原始印歐語(yǔ)不同方言演變而來(lái)的語(yǔ)言，
他們完全理解漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性。